Names Archives | Page 2 of 3 | Doukhobor Heritage (2025)

by Jonathan J. Kalmakoff with Andrew J. Conovaloff

A study of the origin and meaning of Molokan surnames reveals many clues about our family history. In some cases they indicate the first name, trade or occupation, descriptive nickname, or ethnic or geographic origin of an early ancestor. This glossary contains roots and meanings of 702 Russian surnames occurring among the Molokans, together with the original Cyrillic spelling, transliterated English spelling, and English spelling variations. Note: to search for a particular surname, use the alphabetical index below or else use your browser’s <find> function by pressing <Control F> and typing in the name.

Index – A – B – Ch – D – E – F – G/H – I – K – L – M – N – O – P – R – S – T – U – V – Y – Z

– A –

Abakumov
Абакумов.This patronymic surname is derived fromAbakum, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAvakum.lEnglish spelling variants include: Abakumoff. [Soundex Code A125]

Abramov
Абрамов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAbram.lEnglish spelling variants include: Abramoff. [Soundex Code A165]

Adamov
Адамов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAdam.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A351]

Afanas’ev
Афанасьев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAfanasy.lEnglish spelling variants include: Afanasiv, Afansev, Afanasev, Afanaseff, Afinsoff. [Soundex Code A152]

Afonin
Афонин.This patronymic surname is derived fromAfonya, a diminutive form of the men’s namesAgafon,AfanasyandAfonii. [Soundex Code A155]

Agapov
Агапов.This surname is derived from the men’s nameAgapeior the women’s nameAgapa.lEnglish spelling variants include: Agapoff. [Soundex Code A211]

Aistov
Аистов. This surname originates from the termaist,meaning “stork”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of the bird, perhaps a tall-legged or long-nosed individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A231]

Aksyonov
Аксёнов.This patronymic surname is derived fromAksyon, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAksentii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Aksenoff, Aksionov, Axionoff, Aksionoff. [Soundex Code A251]

Alatyrtsev
Алатырцев.This surname originates from the Old Russian termalatyrets, meaning “abusive”, “confused” or “uncertain”. This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A436]

Aldokushin
Алдокушин.This patronymic surname is derived fromAldokusha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAldokim.lEnglish spelling variants include: Aldakushin, Aldacushion, Aldacushon. [Soundex Code A432]

Aleksandrov
Алексадров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAleksander.lEnglish spelling variants include: Alexandroff, Alexandrov, Aleksandroff. [Soundex Code A425]

Alekseev
Алексеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAleksei. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A421]

Alennikov
Аленников.This patronymic surname is derived fromAlenik, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAleksander.lEnglish spelling variants include: Alenikov. [Soundex Code A452]

Alent’ev
Алентьев.Thispatronymic surname is derived fromAlentii, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAletii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Alentieff, Alentoff. [Soundex Code A453]

Alyoshin
Алёшин.This patronymic surname is derived fromAliosha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAleksei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Alyoshin. [Soundex Code A425]

Alkhutov
Алхутов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Turkic men’s nameAlkhat.lEnglish spelling variants include: Alkhutoff, Alkhoutoff. [Soundex Code A423]

Andreev
Андреев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAndrei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Andreeff, Andreff, Androff, Androw, Andrews. [Soundex Code A536]

Anfimov
Анфимов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAnfim. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A515]

Anishko
Анишко.ThisUkrainian surname is derived fromAnishka, a diminutive form of the men’s namesOnisimandAnisiiand the women’s namesAnnaandAnisia. [Soundex Code A522]

Antipov
Антипов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAntip. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A531]

Antonov
Антонов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAnton. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A535]

Anufiev
Ануфриев. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAnufrii. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A511]

Apashev
Апашев.This patronymic surname is derived fromApash, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIpaty. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A121]

Aprashin
Апрашин.This surname is derivedfromAprasha, a diminutive form of the women’s names PraskoviaandEvpraksia. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromAbrasha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAbram. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A162]

Aref’ev
Арефьев. This patronymic surname is derived fromAref’, a diminutive form of the men’s nameArefey.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A611]

Arinin
Аринин.This matronymic surname is derived from the women’s nameArina. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A655]

Arishin
Аришин.This patronymic surname is derived fromArisha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameArineiand the women’s nameArina. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A625]

Artishchev
Артищев. This surname originates from the dialect termrtishche,meaning “big mouth”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed this quality. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A632]

Arutyunyan
Арутюнян.This Armenian surname is derived from the Armenian termharutiun, meaning “resurrection”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Arataunian, Arutunian, Arutjunjan. [Soundex Code A635]

Arzhanov
Аржанов.This surname originates from the termrzhanoi,meaning “neighing”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Mordvinian men’s nameArzhai. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A625]

Astakhov
Астахов. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromAstakha, a diminutive form of the men’s names EvstafiiandEvstakhii. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A232]

Avdeev
Авдеев. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameAvdei. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A131]

Avtaikin
Автайкин.This surname originates fromavtaika, a diminutive form of the Mordvinian termavtai, meaning “bear”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a bear, perhaps a great, awkward, hulking, powerful individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code A132]

–B –

Babaev
Бабаев.This surname derives from the Tatar termbabai, meaning “grandfather”. This should not be confused with the more familiar Russian termbaba,meaning “grandmother” or “old woman”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Babayeff, Babaeff, Bebieff, Bibaeff, Bibayoff, Bibieff, Bibioff, Bibyoff, Babaew, Bebaeff, Babayev. [Soundex Code B110]

Babakov
Бабаков. This surname originates from the dialect termbabak,meaning “marmot” (groundhog or woodchuk). Note that this term also referred to a sleepy, dense, solitary, small, clumsy or idle individual.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B121]

Baev
Баев.This surname originates from the dialect verbbait’meaning “to speak” or “to tell”.Baiwas the term given to a “chatterer” or “storey-teller”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Turkic termbai, meaning “lord” or “noble”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B100]

Bakholdin
Бахолдин.This surname originates from the dialect termbakholda,meaning “boaster”, “idler” or “talker”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Baholden, Bakholden, Baholdin. [Soundex Code B243]

Balakhonov
Балахонов.This surname originates from the termbalakhon,a type of loose overalls worn by men in Old Russia. This term may have been given as a nickname to a maker or perhaps wearer of balakhon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B425]

Balikhin
Балихин. This surname originates from the dialect termbalikhoi,a type of porridge or gruel popular in Old Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B425]

Bannikov
Банников.Thissurname originates from the termbannik,the “attendant” or “user” of a bathhouse (banya).Bannikwas also the name of the fairytale spirit said to inhabit that place. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B521]

Baranov
Баранов. This surname originates from the termbaran, meaning “ram”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a ram, perhaps a gentle, affectionate personality. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B651]

Barsukov
Барсуков.This surname originates from the termbarsuk, meaning “badger” or in some dialects, “wild boar”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a badger or wild boar, perhaps a stubborn, wild or fierce individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B622]

Baryshev
Барышев.This surname originates from the Old Russian termbarysh, meaning “profit”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who was rich and wealthy. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B621]

Bashkin
Башкин.This surname originates from the Tatar termbashka, meaning “head”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B225]

Basov
Басов. Thissurname originates from the dialect termbasyy,meaning “beautiful” or “visible”.It is also suggested that the name originated, among the Russian Orthodox clergy, from the Latin termbasa(bass), to describe someone with a deep, bass singing voice.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B210]

Batyaev
Батяев.This surname originates from the Old Russian termbatya, meaning “father”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Mongol termbata, meaning “strong” or “steady”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bataeff, Bataiff, Bataoff, Batioff, Botieff, Batoeff, Batoev, Batuev, Batieff, Batueff. [Soundex Code B310]

Bavin
Бавин.This surname derives from the dialect termbava, meaning “sluggish”, “slow” or “dilatory”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bivin, Biven, Bavin, Baven. [Soundex Code B150]

Bazykin
Базыкин.This surname originates from the dialect termbazyka,meaning “quarrelsome”, “captious” or “talker”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bazikin, Bazigin. [Soundex Code B225]

Belikov
Беликов.This surname originates frombelik, a diminutive form of the termbelyi,meaning “white”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with blond, grey or white hair, a fair complexion, or perhaps a clean or pure individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Belikoff, Bellcove, Beliakoff. [Soundex Code B421]

Belogorov
Белогоров.This surname originates from the termbelyi(“white”) +gor(“mountain”) and refers to someone who lived near a white mountain. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B426]

Belousov
Белоусов.This surname originates from the termbelyi(“white”) +us(“moustache”) or “white-moustache”. The resulting nicknamebelous(pronouncedbelowoos) was given to someone with a white, light or greyish moustache.lEnglish spelling variants include: Belousoff. [Soundex Code B421]

Belyaev
Беляев.This surname originates frombelyai,a diminutive form of the termbelyi,meaning “white”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with blond, grey or white hair, a fair complexion, or perhaps a clean or pure individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B410]

Bezzubtsev
Беззубцев.This surname originates frombezzubets, the term for someone without (bez) teeth (zubyi). This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B213]

Biryukov
Бирюков.This surname originates from the termbiryuk,meaning “wolf”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a wolf, perhaps a lone, solitary individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Berekoff, Berikoff, Berukoff, Birukoff, Barikoff, Berokoff, Birokoff, Burikoff, Berekow, Berikow, Berukow, Birookoff, Birukow, Biryoukoff, Bierukoff, Birekoff, Biriukov, Biriukove, Berukove. [Soundex Code B621]

Bizyaev
Бизяев.This surname originates from the dialect termbizyai,meaning “short-sighted” or “weak-sighted”. This term was given as a nickname to a someone who matched this description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bizyaeff, Bizayiff, Bizieff, Bezayiff, Bizayieff. [Soundex Code B210]

Blokhin
Блохин.This surname originates from the termblokha,meaning “flea”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B425]

Bobylyov
Бобылёв.This surname originates from the termbobyl‘ meaning a “landless peasant”. Note that this term also referred to a “solitary” or “lonely” man.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bobiloff. [Soundex Code B141]

Bobyshev
Бобышев.This surname derives frombobysh, a diminutive form of the termbob,meaning “bean”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bobysheff, Bobyshov, Bobishoff, Babashoff, Babeshoff, Babishoff, Babshaw, Babshoff, Babushoff, Babshow. [Soundex Code B121]

Bocharnikov
Бочарников. This surname originates from the dialect termbocharnik,meaning “cooper”, a craftsman who manufactured wooden barrels, casks, etc.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B265]

Bogdanov
Богданов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameBogdan. The name Bogdan (“given by God”) was frequently given to illegitimate children and foundlings in Old Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bagdanof, Bagdanoff, Bogdanoff, Bagdanove, Bagdonoff, Bagdanov, Baghdanov, Bogdonoff, Bogdonov. [Soundex Code B235]

Bogunov
Богунов. This surname originates from the dialect termbogun,meaning “ledum palustre” or “labrador tea”, a type of plant with strongly aromatic leaves used in Old Russia to make herbal tea. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B251]

Bokin
Бокин.This surname originates from the termbok,meaning the “side” or “flank” of one’s body or torso. This term may have been given as a nickname to a lopsided or broadsided person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B250]

Boldin
Болдин.This surname originates from the dialect termboldoi, meaning “cudgel” or “sledge hammer”. Note that this term also referred to a dense individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B435]

Boldyrev
Болдырев.This surname originates fromboldyr, the term for a child of a mixed marraige, for example, the son of a Russian and Tatar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bolderoff, Boldiroff, Boldareff, Boldroff, Bolder. [Soundex Code B436]

Bolotin
Болотин.This surname originates from the termboloto, meaning “swamp” or “marsh” and refers to someone who lived near such a place.lEnglish spelling variants include: Boloten, Balotin. [Soundex Code B435]

Bondarev
Бондарев.This surname originates from the Ukrainian termbondar,meaning “cooper”, a craftsman who manufactured wooden barrels, casks, etc. The Ukrainian root of this name (compare the Russian term for cooper –bochkar) suggests that it is either a Ukrainianized Russian or else a Russianized Ukrainian surname.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bondareff, Bonderoff, Bondoreff, Bondaroff, Bondarow, Bondariff, Bonderove, Bonderov, Bonderow. [Soundex Code B536]

Borisov
Борисов.Borisov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameBoris.lEnglish spelling variants include: Barisoff, Berisoff, Borisoff. [Soundex Code B621]

Borodin
Бородин.This surname originates from the termboroda,meaning “beard”. This term was given as a nickname to a man with a broad, bushy beard.lEnglish spelling variants include: Boridin, Barodin, Baradin, Baradine, Borodinoff. [Soundex Code B635]

Bryukhin
Брюхин.This surname originates from the dialect termbryukho,meaning “belly”, “stomach” or “paunch”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a prominent belly or girth.lEnglish spelling variants include: Brukhin, Brukin. [Soundex Code B625]

Bubnov
Бубнов.This surname originates from the termbuben,meaning “tambourine”. Note that this term also referred to an “impoverished”, “idle” or “wasted” individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bubnow, Bubnoff. [Soundex Code B151]

Buchnev
Бучнев.This surname originates from the termbuchen‘ meaning “bull”, “frog”, “bumblebee” and “bittern” in various dialects. All of these animals make a sound perceived asbu-bu.lEnglish spelling variants include: Buchneff, Butchnew, Butchinoff, Butchnoff, Buchnoff, Bushneff. [Soundex Code B251]

Budanov
Буданов.This surname originates from the dialect termbudan,a type of soup made with flour for thickening. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B351]

Bugrov
Бугров.This surname originates from the termbugor,meaning “hill”, “hillock”, “heap” or “mound” and may refer to someone who lived or worked near such a place.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bogroff, Boogroff, Boogrove, Boogrov. [Soundex Code B261]

Bukharov
Бухаров.This surname originates from the termbukhara, meaning “ground”, “hay meadow”, “poor”, “tavern” and “fireplace” in various dialects. It is also suggested that the name indicates a family that originated from the Uzbek city ofBukhara.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bukroff, Buckroff, Bukaroff, Bucaroff, Bukrow. [Soundex Code B261]

Bulgakov
Булгаков.This surname originates from the Turkic termbulgak,meaning “troublesome”. Note that this surname was borne byFeodor Bulgakov(aka David Evseevich) co-founder of the Pryguny branch of Molokans in Saratov province, Russia in the mid 19th century. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B422]

Burenin
Буренин. This surname derives from the termburenoi,meaning “brown”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with brown hair colour.lEnglish spelling variants include: Brenin. [Soundex Code B655]

Burov
Буров. This surname derives from the termburyy,meaning “brown” or “bay”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with reddish-brown hair colour. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B610]

Burtsev
Бурцев. This surname originates from the dialect termburets, meaning “brown” or “bay”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with reddish-brown hair colour. Note this term also referred to an “ordinary-looking” person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B632]

Bychkov
Бычков.This surname originates from the termbychok, meaning a “young ox” or “bullock”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a lively, frisky or headstrong disposition.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bichkoff, Bechkoff, Batchkoff. [Soundex Code B221]

Bykanov
Быканов.This surname originates frombykan, a diminutive form of the termbyk(“bull”) meaning “little bull”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a lively, frisky or headstrong disposition.lEnglish spelling variants include: Bekanoff. [Soundex Code B251]

–Ch –

Chekanov
Чеканов.This surname originates from the termchekan,a fighting axe with a long handle. Note that this term also referred to a “punch”, “die” or “stamp”. This nickname may have been given to someone who manufactured or used this or tool.lEnglish spelling variants include: Chekanoff, Chekunoff, Chicanoff, Chickanoff, Chickenoff, Chikenoff, Chickinoff. [Soundex Code C251]

Chekushkin
Чекушкин.This surname originates from the dialect termchekushka, meaning “small hare” or “fieldmouse”. Note that this term also referred to an irrepressible chatterer or liar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Checkushkin. [Soundex Code C222]

Chepliev
Чеплиев. This surname originates from the dialect verbcheplyati, meaning “to attach”, “to suspend”, “to fasten” and “to hang”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termchapli, meaning “heron”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C141]

Cheremisin
Черемисин.This surname refers to someone from the region or tribe of theCheremisa,a Mordvinian people.lEnglish spelling variants include: Cherimisin, Czermisin. [Soundex Code C652]

Cheremisov
Черемисов.This surname refers to someone from the region or tribe of theCheremisa,a Mordvinian people.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia.[Soundex Code C652]

Chernikov
Черников.This surname originates from the termchernik, meaning “bilberry” or “whortleberry”. Note thatchernikis also a diminutive form of the termchernyi,meaning “black”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Chernikoff, Chernakoff, Chernekoff, Cherney. [Soundex Code C652]

Chernobaev
Чернобаев.This surname originates from the termchernoi(“black”) + the verbbait’( “to speak”), meaning “one who speaks black”. This nickname was given to someone who spoke obscenely or vulgarly.lEnglish spelling variants include: Chernabaeff, Chernobaeff, Chernobieff. [Soundex Code C651]

Chernyaev
Черняев. This surname originates fromchernyai, a variant form of the termchernyi,meaning “black”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a dark and swarthy complexion, black hair, dark clothes, or perhaps a dirty or foul-tempered individual.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C651]

Chernyshev
Чернышов.This surname originates fromchernysh, a diminutive form of the termchernyi,meaning “black”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a dark and swarthy complexion, black hair, dark clothes, or perhaps a dirty or foul-tempered individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Chernisheff, Chernishoff. [Soundex Code C652]

Cherny
Черны.This Ukrainian surname originates from the termchernyi,meaning “black”. This nickname may describe someone with a dark and swarthy complexion, black hair, dark clothes, or perhaps a dirty or foul-tempered individual.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C650]

Cheshev
Чешев. This surnameoriginates from the dialect termchesh, meaning “Czech” and indicates an ancestor who originated from the Czech lands. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C210]

Chesnokov
Чесноков. This surname originates from the termchesnok, meaning “garlic”. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C252]

Chichov
Чичов.This surname originates from the dialect termchich,meaning “hay” (growing on a marsh).lEnglish spelling variants include: Chichoff, Cheechoff, Cheechov. [Soundex Code C210]

Chindin
Чиндни.This patronymic surname is derived fromChind, a diminutive form of the Mordvin men’s namesChindyapa, ChindyavaorChindyaika.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C535]

Chugunov
Чугунов.This surname originates from the termchugun,meaning “cast-iron” or “pig-iron”. This term may have been given as a nickname to hard or brittle person or to an iron-worker who made cast-iron products. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code C251]

–D –

Dalmatov
Далматов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameDalmatii. Note that this surname was borne bySemeon Dalmatov,co-founder of the Molokan movement in Saratov province, Russia in the late 18th century.lEnglish spelling variants include: Dalmatoff, Dolmatoff, Dolmatov, Delmatoff. [Soundex Code D453]

Danilov
Данилов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameDanila.lEnglish spelling variants include: Daniloff. [Soundex Code D541]

Dashkov
Дашков.This surname, also written asDashkin,is derived fromDashka,a diminutive form of the men’s namesDariiandDasiiand the women’s namesDaria, Dasia, BogdanaandAda. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D221]

Davydov
Давыдов.Davydov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameDavyd.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D131]

Deikov
Деиков.This surname originates from the dialect verbdeikati,meaning “to chatter”, “to complain” or “to speak now and then”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed these traits. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D210]

Deriabin
Дерябин.This surname originates from the dialect termderiaboi,meaning “crybaby”, “squabbler”, ” fighter” and “restless”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Derabin, Driabin, Deryabin. [Soundex Code D615]

Derkachov
Деркачов. This surname originates from the termderkach,meaning “crake”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of the bird, perhaps someone with jerky movements or someone with a voice like the cry of a crake. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D622]

Desyatov
Десятов.This surname originates from the termdesyat’meaning “ten”. This term may have been given as a nickname to the tenth child in a family.lEnglish spelling variants include: Desatoff, Desyatov. [Soundex Code D231]

Dirin
Дирин.This surname originates from the termdira,meaning “hole”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D650]

Dmitriev
Дмитриев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameDmitry.lEnglish spelling variants include: Demetrieff, Demetroff, Demetriff. [Soundex Code D536]

Dobrynin
Добрынин.This patronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameDobrynya.lEnglish spelling variants include: Dobrenen, Dobrinen, Dobrinin, Dubrinin. [Soundex Code D165]

Dolgopolov
Долгополов.This surname is derived from the termdolgoi(“long”) +pol(“skirt”). This nickname was frequently given to Orthodox clergy because of their robes with long skirts. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D421]

Dolgov
Долгов.This surname originates from the termdolgoi, meaning “long”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termdolg, meaning “duty”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Dolgoff, Dalgoff. [Soundex Code D421]

Donetskov
Донецков.This name is properlyDonetsky.The-ovsuffix ending was added subsequent to its formation. This surname indicates a family that originated from theDonetsriver in South Russia. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D532]

Donskoy
Донской.This surname indicates a family that originated from theDonriver in South Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Donskoi, Donskoj, Donske. [Soundex Code D520]

Dorofeev
Дорофеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameDorofei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Drafeiv. [Soundex Code D611]

Drachev
Драчев. This surname originates from the termdrach,meaning “fighter” or “scrapper”. Note that this term also means “teal” (small bird) in some dialects. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed these traits. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D621]

Drobyshev
Дробышев.This surname originates from the dialect termdrobysh, meaning someone who takes small, fractional steps.lEnglish spelling variants include: Drabshoff, Drobshoff. [Soundex Code D612]

Drozdov
Дроздов.This surname originates from the termdrozd, meaning “blackbird” or “thrush”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a blackbird, perhaps a swift, cheerful or singing individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Drozdoff, Drazdoff, Drozdow, Drazdow, Drozdove, Drazdove. [Soundex Code D623]

Druginin
Другинин.This surname originates from the termdruginya,meaning a (female) “friend”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed this quality or matched this description. [Soundex Code P625]

Druzhinin
Дружинин.This surname originates from the termdruzhina,meaning “comrades”, “friends”, “team” or “group”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who belonged to a group of friends. [Soundex Code P625]

Dudin
Дудин.This surname originates from the termduda,meaning “pipe” or “horn”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a peasant musician who played the horn, a horn-maker or perhaps a loud individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D350]

Dunaev
Дунаев.This surname indicates a family that originated from the riverDunai(Danube). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D510]

Durakov
Дураков.This surname originates from the termdurak,meaning “fool”, “idiot” or “simpleton”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Durakoff, Dorskoff. [Soundex Code D621]

Dutov
Дутов.This surname originates from the termdutii,meaning “haughty”, “inflated” or “boastful”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Dutoff, Dootoff, Doutoff, Dotoff, Dutow, Dutove. [Soundex Code D310]

Dvornin
Дворнин.This surname originates from the dialect termdvornyi,meaning “domestic”, “servant” or “menial”,one that performs duties about the person or home of a master or employer.lEnglish spelling variants include: Dvorinin. [Soundex Code D165]

D’yakonov
Дьяконов.This surname originates from the termd’yakon,meaning “deacon”, an ecclesiastical official who assisted in Russian Orthodox church services, read psalms, assisted the priest, etc.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code D251]

–E –

Efremov
Ефремов.Efremov is derived from the men’s nameEfrem(pronouncedYefrem).Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E165]

Egorov
Егоров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameEgor(pronouncedYegor).lEnglish spelling variants include: Egoroff, Egorow, Egroff, Egeroff, Yegorov, Yegoroff, Ehoroff, Yehoroff. [Soundex Code E261]

Ekimov
Екимов. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromEkim, a variant form of the men’s nameAkim.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E251]

El’fimov
Ельфимов.This patronymic surname is derived fromElfim, a diminutive form of the men’s nameEvfimii.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E415]

Erkin
Еркин.This patronymic surname is derived fromErka(pronouncedYerka) a diminutive form of the men’s namesErofei(pronouncedYerofei) andErast(pronouncedYerast). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E6252]

Ermakov
Ермаков.This patronymic surname is derived fromErmak(pronouncedYermak) a diminutive form of the men’s nameErmolai(pronouncedYermolai).lEnglish spelling variants include: Ermakoff, Ermacoff, Yermakoff. [Soundex Code E652]

Ermolov
Ермолов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameErmolai(pronouncedYermolai). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E654]

Eropkin
Еропкин.This patronymic surname is derived fromEropka(pronouncedYeropka) a diminutive form of the men’s nameErofei(pronouncedYerofei).lEnglish spelling variants include: Eropken. [Soundex Code E612]

Eseev
Есеев.This patronymic surname is derived fromEsei, a diminutive form of the men’s nameEvsevei.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E210]

Estagin
Есtагин.This patronymic surname is derived fromEstaga, a diminutive form of the men’s nameEvstafii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Estagen. [Soundex Code E232]

Evdokimov
Евдокимов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameEvdokim(pronouncedYevdokim).lEnglish spelling variants include: Evdokimoff, Evdakimoff, Evdokimow, Evdokimiff, Evdekimoff, Yevdokimov, Yevdokimoff. [Soundex Code E132]

Evseev
Евсеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameEvsei(pronouncedYevsei).lEnglish spelling variants include: Evseaff, Evseff, Efseaff, Evseeff. [Soundex Code E121]

Evstigneev
Евстигнеев. This patronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameEvstignei.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code E123]

–F –

Fadeev
Фадеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFadei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Fadeeff, Fadeff, Fadieff, Fadaiow, Fadayow. [Soundex Code F310]

Fedchenko
Федченко.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromFedka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameFeodor. [Soundex Code F325]

Fedorenko
Федоренко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the men’s nameFeodor. [Soundex Code F365]

Fedorov
Федоров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFeodor.lEnglish spelling variants include: Federoff, Fedoroff. [Soundex Code F361]

Fedos’ev
Федосьев.This patronymic surname is derived fromFedosii, a diminutive form of the men’s nameFedosei. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code F321]

Fedotov
Федотов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFedot.lEnglish spelling variants include: Fedotoff. [Soundex Code F331]

Feshin
Фешин.This patronymic surname is derived fromFesha, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingFeogen, FeodosiiandFeoktist. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code F250]

Fes’kin
Феськин. Thissurname is derived fromFes’ka, a diminutive form of the men’s namesFeodosiiandFespesiiand the women’s namesFessalonikaandFessalonikiya.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code F250]

Fetisov
Фетисов.This patronymic surname is derived fromFetis, a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s nameFeoktist.lEnglish spelling variants include: Fetesoff, Fettisoff, Fetizow, Fettis. [Soundex Code F321]

Filatov
Филатов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFilat.lEnglish spelling variants include: Filatoff. [Soundex Code F431]

Filimonov
Филимонов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFilimon. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code F455]

Filippov
Филиппов.Filippov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameFilipp.lEnglish spelling variants include: Filipoff, Fillipoff, Phillipoff, Philipoff, Filapoff, Filipow. [Soundex Code F411]

Fisunov
Фисунов.This patronymic surname is derived fromFisun, a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s namesAfisa, FelitsataandFista.lEnglish spelling variants include: Fesunoff. [Soundex Code F251]

Fomichev
Фомичев. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFomaand means “son of Foma”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code F521]

Fomin
Фоминов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFoma.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code F550]

Frolov
Фролов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameFrol.lEnglish spelling variants include: Froloff, Frolove. [Soundex Code F641]

–G/H –

Galkin
Галкин.This surname originates from the termgalka,meaning “jackdaw”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of the bird, perhaps a harsh-voiced or black-haired individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G425]

Galochekov
Галочеков.This matronymic surname is derived fromGalochek, a diminutive form of the women’s nameGalina.lEnglish spelling variants include: Guluchikoff. [Soundex Code G422]

Gal’tsev
Гальцев.This patronymic surname is derived fromGal’ets, a diminutive form of the men’s nameGalaktionand the women’s nameGalina. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G432]

Galyaev
Галяев.This patronymic surname is derived fromGalya, a diminutive form of the men’s nameGalaktion. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G410]

Georgiev
Георгиев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameGeorgii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Georgeoff. [Soundex Code G621]

Glazastov
Глазастов.This surname originates from the dialect termglazasti,meaning “sharp-eyed”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Glezasoff. [Soundex Code G422]

Glazov
Глазов.This surname originates from the termglaz,meaning “eye”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with striking or prominent eyes. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia.[Soundex Code G421]

Gogolevsky
Гоголевскйй.This surname indicates a family that originated from a village namedGogolevo,GogolevkaorGogolevskoy, so called from the termgogol, meaning “golden-eye duck”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gouglavaysky. [Soundex Code G241]

Golitsin
Голыцин.This surname originates from the termgolitsa, meaning “mitten”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who wore mittens or who made mittens.lEnglish spelling variants include: Galitsin, Golitzin, Galitzen, Galitzen. [Soundex Code G432]

Goloshchapov
Голощапов. Thissurname originates from the dialect termgoloshchap,meaning a “boastful pauper”, the dandy who has nothing to show off. This term may have been given as a derisive nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G422]

Golovachev
Головачев.This surname originates from the termgolovach, meaning “big” or “large” “head” (golova). This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this physical description. Note that this term also referred to a “bullhead” fish.lEnglish spelling variants include: Holovachev, Holovachoff, Hallivichoff, Holwachoff, Hall. [Soundex Code G412]

Golovastikov
Головастиков.This surname originates from the termgolovastik, meaning “tadpole”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a tadpole.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G412]

Golubov
Голубов.This surname originates from the termgolub,meaning “pigeon” or “dove”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a keeper of doves, an amourous person, or someone mild and gentle as a dove.lEnglish spelling variants include: Goluboff, Goloboff, Golobif, Golobeff, Golubev, Globoff, Golubove, Golobiff, Golubef, Golubiff. [Soundex Code G411]

Golubyatkin
Голубяткин. This surname originates from the dialect termgolubyatka,meaning “pigeon” or “dove”. Note this term also referred to a “maiden”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G413]

Golyaev
Голяев.This surname may originate from the termgolyi, meaning “naked” or “destitute”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the verbgulyat’meaning “to walk” or “to stroll”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G410]

Goncharenko
Гончаренко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the termgonchar,meaning “potter”, a craftsman or artisan who made and sold pots, dishes, and other earthenware vessels out of clay. [Soundex Code G526]

Gorbachev
Горбачев.This surname originates from the termgorbach,meaning “hunchback”. This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G612]

Gorbenko
Горбенко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the termgorb,meaning “hump” or “hunchback”. This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. [Soundex Code G615]

Gorbulov
Горбулов.This surname originates from the termgorbulya,meaning a female “hunchback”. This term was given as a nickname to a woman who matched this description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gorbuloff. [Soundex Code G614]

Gorchakov
Горчаков.This surname originates from the dialect termgorchak,meaning “persicaria” or “peachwort”, a type of plant with a bitter root. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Turkic termgorchakmeaning “statue”, “doll” or a “very tall person”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G622]

Gorokhov
Горохов.This surname originates from the termgorokh,meaning “peas”. Botanical nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. The Gorokhovs among the Molokans resided in Elizavetpol province, Russia prior to emigrating to America.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gorohoff. [Soundex Code G621]

Goryanov
Горяинов. This surname originates from the termgoryanin, meaning “mountaineer” and indicates a mountain inhabitant. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G651]

Grachev
Грачев.This surname originates from the termgrach, meaning “rook”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of this bird, perhaps a noisy, harsh-voiced or black-haired individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G621]

Granchikov
Гранчиков. This surname is derived from the men’s nameGranchik,a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s nameGran.lEnglish spelling variants include: Granchukoff. [Soundex Code G652]

Grankin
Гранкин. This patronymic surname is derived fromGranka, a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s nameGran. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Latin termgranum, meaning “grain”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G652]

Grebenkin
Гребенкин.This surname originates from the termgrebenka,meaning “crest” or “comb”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used or manufactured this household item.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gribenkin, Gribionkin. [Soundex Code G615]

Grekov
Греков.This surname originates from the termgrek, meaning “Greek” and indicates a family that originated from Greece. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G621]

Gridnev
Гриднев. Thissurname originates from the Old Russian termgriden,the “soldier”, “guardsman” or “princely bodyguard” in Old Russia. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Old Russian termgridnei,meaning “prince quarters” in a palace. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G635]

Grigor’ev
Григорьев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameGrigory.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gregorieff, Gregoroff, Grigorieff, Grigorov. [Soundex Code G626]

Grigorok
Григорок.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromGrigorok, a diminutive form of the men’s nameGrigory.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gregarok. [Soundex Code G626]

Gritsik
Грицик. This Ukrainian surname is derived fromGritsa, a diminutive form of the men’s nameGrigory. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G632]

Grudzien
Грудзиен.This Polish surname originates from the Polish termgrudzien, meaning “December”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a child born in the last month of the year. [Soundex Code G632]

Grushenkov
Грушенков.This patronymic surname is derived fromGrushenka, a diminutive form of the women’s nameAgrafena.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G625]

Grymzin
Грумзин.This surname originates from the termgrymza,a type of red grape. Botanical nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G652]

Gudimov
Гудимов.This patronymic surname is derived fromGudim, a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s nameGudimir.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gudimoff, Gudimow, Goudimoff, Goudima. [Soundex Code G351]

Gudnin
Гуднин.This surname originates from the termgudenie,meaning “buzzing”, “droning”, “humming” or “honking”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made this noise. Among the Molokans this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G355]

Gunin
Гунин. This surname is derived fromGunya, a diminutive form of the men’s namesGeorgii, EgorandSergeiand the women’s nameAgrippina.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code G550]

Gurov
Гуров.This patronymic surname is derived fromGura, a diminutive form of the men’s nameGurii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Guroff, Gureff. [Soundex Code G610]

Gusev
Гусев.This surname originates from the termgus,meaning “goose”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a goose.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gusiff, Goosseff, Goosieff, Goosev, Gooseff, Ghosoph, Gosev, Goussev. [Soundex Code G210]

Gvozdev
Гвоздев.This surname originates from the termgvozd’meaning “nail” or “peg”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a tall, thin person or perhaps someone with a strong, firm character.lEnglish spelling variants include: Gvozdeff, Gvozdiff, Gozdiff, Gozdieff, Gozdeff, Niles. [Soundex Code G123]

–I –

Ignatov
Игнатов.Ignatov is derived from the men’s nameIgnaty.lEnglish spelling variants include: Egnatoff. [Soundex Code I253]

Igumnov
Игумнов. This surname originates from the termigumna,meaning “abbot”, the superior of an Orthodox monastery for men. As an abbot had no right to marry and have children, this name must have been borne by peasants belonging to a monastery, or perhaps given to child by religiously devout parents. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code I251]

Il’in
Ильин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameIlya. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code I450]

Inyukin
Инюкин. This patronymic surname is derived fromInyuka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameInokentii.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code I525]

Isaev
Исаев. This Ukrainian surname is derived from the men’s nameIsaiya. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code I210]

Isakov
Исаков.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameIsak.lEnglish spelling variants include: Esakoff, Eskoff, Issakoff, Isakoff. [Soundex Code I221]

Ivanikov
Иваников.This patronymic surname is derived fromIvanik, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIvan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Evanikoff. [Soundex Code I152]

Ivanov
Иванов.Ivanov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is derived from the men’s nameIvan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Ivanoff, Evanoff. [Soundex Code I151]

Ivliev
Ивлиев.Ivliev is derived fromIvlii, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIolii.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code I141]

–K –

Kadatsky
Кадацкий. This surname indicates an ancestor who originated from a village namedKadat, Kadatskayaor perhapsKadetsk, the etymological root of which is uncertain.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K332]

Kalashnikov
Калашников.This surname originates from the termkalashnik,meaning a “baker” of kalach (bread loaves). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K425]

Kalimanov
Калиманов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Turkic men’s nameKaliman.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kalimanoff, Kalimanow, Kalimanav. [Soundex Code K455]

Kalinin
Калинин.This surname is derived from the men’s nameKalina. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K455]

Kalmykov
Калмыков.This surname refers to someone from the region or tribe of theKalmyks,a Mongol people who derived their name from the Turkic wordkalmykmeaning “to remain”. It may also refer to a non-Kalmyk Russian with facial features like those of a Kalmyk.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kalmakov, Kalmikov, Kolmakov, Kolmykov, Kalmokov, Kalmakoff, Kalmokoff, Kalmikoff, Kalmeikoff, Kolmokoff, Kalmykoff, Kolmakoff, Kolmakof, Kalmykow, Kalmakow, Kolmekow, Kolmikow, Kolmakow, Kalmikove, Kalmakove. [Soundex Code K452]

Kambarov
Камбаров. This surname is derived from the Mongol-Turkic men’s nameKambar. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Persian termkambar,meaning “brown”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K516]

Kanygin
Каныгин.This patronymic surname is derived fromKonyga, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKonon.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kanigan, Kanegin, Kanigin, Kanegan, Konigan, Konigin, Konygin, Kanigen, Canihan, Kanigan, Kanehan, Kanechan, Kanihan, Kanechen. [Soundex Code K525]

Kapranov
Капранов. This patronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameKapron. Note that this term also referred to a “man” or “muzhik” (peasant). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K165]

Kaptsov
Капцов.This surname originates from the dialect termkopets,a species of falcon. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a falcon, perhaps a fierce, swift or keen-sighted individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kaptsoff, Kapsov, Kapsoff, Kapssof, Kapssoff. [Soundex Code K132]

Karabanov
Карабанов.This surname is derived from the dialect termkaraban,meaning “jarring” or “shocking”. Note that this term also referred to a “loaf of bread”.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termkarabin,meaning “carbine” (rifle). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K615]

Karaev
Караев.This surname originates from the Turkic termkara,meaning “black” or “dark”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a dark and swarthy complexion, black hair, dark clothes, or perhaps a dirty or foul-tempered individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K610]

Karetov
Каретов.This surname is derived from the termkareta,meaning a (horse-drawn) “carriage” or “coach”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who drove or manufactured a carriage.lEnglish spelling variants include: Karetoff, Karitoff, Koretoff. [Soundex Code K631]

Karev
Карев.This surname originates from the termkarii,meaning “brown” or “hazel” eye colouring. Note that this term was also used in some Russian dialects to refer to someone with a brown and swarthy complexion. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K610]

Karnaukhov
Карнаухов.This surname originates from the termkarnaukhov, meaning “cut ear” or “mutilated ear”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this physical description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Karnouhoff. [Soundex Code K652]

Karpin
Карпин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameKarp.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termkarp, meaning “carp” fish. [Soundex Code K615]

Karpov
Карпов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameKarp.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termkarp, meaning “carp” fish.lEnglish spelling variants include: Carpoff. [Soundex Code K611]

Karyakin
Карякин.This surname originates from the dialect termkariaka,meaning “persistent” or “obstinate”. Note that this term also referred to a “poseur”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Karyakin, Koriakin, Koryakin, Kriakin, Karyaken, Kariaken, Emerald. [Soundex Code K625]

Kashcheev
Кащеев.This surname originates from the dialect termkashchei, meaning the “fantastic” or “immortal” person. Note that this term also referred to a “greedy” or “rich” person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K221]

Kashirsky
Каширский.This surname indicates a family that originated from the Russian city ofKashira, so called from the termkashira, meaning “cattle shelter”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kashirski, Kashirskii, Kashirskiy, Kashirskij, Kachirski, Kachkirisky, Kachirsky, Kashersky, Kushurski. [Soundex Code K262]

Kasparov
Каспаров.This patronymic surname is derived from the White Russian men’s nameKaspar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kasparoff. [Soundex Code K216]

Kastryulin
Кастрюлин.This surname originates from the termkastryulya,meaning “saucepan”, a copper or iron vessel with steep sides used for cooking.his term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made or perhaps used saucepans for cooking. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K236]

Kasymov
Касымов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Turkic men’s nameKasym.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kasimov, Kasimoff. [Soundex Code K251]

Kasymsky
Касымский. This surname indicates an ancestor who originated from a village namedKasimov,KasimovoorKasimovka, so called from the Turkic men’s nameKasym.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K252]

Katasonov
Катасонов.This surname indicates a family that originated from the North Caucasian town ofKatason.lEnglish spelling variants include: Katasonoff, Katasanoff. [Soundex Code K325]

Katkov
Катков.This surname originates from the termkatok,meaning “roller” or “rolling-pin”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used or made this household item.lEnglish spelling variants include: Katkoff, Kotkoff. [Soundex Code K321]

Kazakov
Казаков.This surname originates fromkazak, meaning “Cossack”. The Cossacks descend from runaway Russian and Ukrainian serfs and independent Tatar groups who established free self-governing communities on the southern steppes in the 15th century. Renowned horsemen, adventurers, frontiersmen, warriors, rebels, freebooters and bandits, the Cossacks established their own independent cultural tradition and were granted special freedoms and privileges by Russian, Polish and Turkish rulers in return for military service.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kazakoff, Kasakoff. [Soundex Code K221]

Kazeev
Казеев. Thissurname originates from the Turkic termkazyy,meaning a “judge”, someone who passed judgement in a court of law. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K210]

Khamzaev
Хамзаев.This surname originates from the Turkic men’s nameKhamza.lEnglish spelling variants include: Khamzaeff, Hamzaeff. [Soundex Code K521]

Kharitonov
Харитонов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameKhariton. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K635]

Khaustov
Хаустов. This surname originates from the Old Russian termfausty(borrowed from the Latinfaustus,meaning “happy”) and referred to a “simple peasant” in Old Russia. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K231]

Khirov
Хиров.This surname originates from the dialect termkhira,meaning “illness”, “bad weather” or “slush”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K610]

Khiteev
Хитеев.This surname originates from the dialect termkhitya,meaning “misfortune”, “disaster”, or “trouble”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K310]

Khlystov
Хлыстов.This surname originates from the termkhlyst, meaning “whip”. Note that this term also refers to a member of theKhlysty, a religious sect that practiced self-flagellation.lEnglish spelling variants include: Khlistoff, Klystoff, Klistoff, Chylstaff, Chylstoff, Cleyssoff, Chlitows, Klestoff, Histov. [Soundex Code K423]

Khmyrev
Хмырев.This surname originates from the dialect termkhmyra,meaning “crybaby”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the verbkhmyrit’meaning “to miss”, “to grieve” and “to pout”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code B250]

Khnykin
Хныкин. This surname originates from the dialect termkhnykat’meaning “to complain” or “to sulk”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K525]

Kholodinin
Холодинин.This surname originates from the termkholodnii,meaning “cold”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose demeanor was gloomy or cold, or perhaps to a child whose birth was marked by such natural phenomenon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K435]

Kholopov
Холопов.This surname originates from the termkholop,meaning “serf” or “slave”. Beginning in the 16th century, laws were passed in Old Russia inhibiting the free movement of the peasant tenants of feudal lords. By the 18th century, serf peasants were bound to the landowner rather than to the land, reducing their condition to virtual slavery. There were also real slaves in Old Russia. Serfdom was abolished in 1861.lEnglish spelling variants include: Halopoff, Holopoff, Chalopow. [Soundex Code K411]

Khomutov
Хомутов.This surname originates from the termkhomut,meaning “collar”, “harness” or “yoke”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used or manufactured such equipment.lEnglish spelling variants include: Homutoff, Homatoff, Homotoff. [Soundex Code K531]

Khoprov
Хопров.This surname originates from the termkhoper,meaning “pile-driver”. It is also suggested that the name indicates a family that originated from theKhoperriver in South Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Haproff, Hoproff, Haprov. [Soundex Code K161]

Khozin
Хозин.This surname originates from the termkhozya,meaning “owner”, “master”, “chief”, “host” or “proprietor”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Hozin, Hozen, Hazen. [Soundex Code K250]

Khrapov
Храпов. This surname originates from the dialect termkhrap,meaning “impudent” or “violent”.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect verbkhrapet’meaning “to snore” or “to become presumptious”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K611]

Khvorostov
Хворостов.This surname originates from the termkhvorost,meaning “brushwood”, “underwood” or “windfall”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termkhvorost’meaning “sickliness”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K162]

Kirilov
Кирилов.Kirilov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameKirill. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K641]

Kiselev
Киселев.This surname originates from the termkisel’,a type of sour drink popular in Old Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry.lEnglish spelling variants include: Keseloff, Kiseloff, Kisseloff, Kessloff, Kissel. [Soundex Code K241]

Kislenkov
Кисленков.Kislenkov is a Russianization of the Ukrainian surnameKislenko. The-vsuffix ending was added after its formation. It originates from the termkislii,meaning “sour”, “acid” or “tart”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K245]

Kishko
Кишко.This Ukrainian surname originates from the termkishka,meaning “gut” or “intestine”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K220]

Kistanov
Кистанов.This surname originates from the termkisten’,meaning “bludgeon”, “club” or “cudgel”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used or manufactured this weapon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K235]

Klenin
Кленин. This surname is derived fromklen, meaning “maple tree” and may refer to someone who lived near a maple tree. It also suggested that the name can derive fromKlenya, a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s nameKleonik. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K455]

Klubnikin
Клубникин.This surname originates from the termklubnika,meaning “strawberry”. Botanical nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry.lEnglish spelling variants include: Klubnickin, Klubnicken, Klubniken, Klubnik. [Soundex Code K415]

Knyshin
Кнышин. This surname originates from the dialect termknysh,a type of baked bun or pancake with butter made in South Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K525]

Kobets
Кобец.This surname derives from the termkobets, meaning “sparrow-hawk”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a hawk, perhaps a swift, rapacious or sharp-sighted individual. [Soundex Code K132]

Kobylov
Кобылов.This surname originates from the termkobyla,meaning “mare”, a female horse. Animal nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K141]

Kobzev
Кобзев.This surname originates from the termkobza,a type of round string instrument played in Old Russia. This term may have been given as a nickname to a peasant musician who played or manufactured the kobza.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kobsef, Kobseff, Kobzeff, Kobzoff, Kobziff. [Soundex Code K121]

Kochergin
Кочергин.This surname originates from the termkocherga,meaning “poker” or “fire-iron”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used or manufactured this household item.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kochergen, Kashergen, Kachergin. [Soundex Code K262]

Kolesnikov
Колесников.This surname originates from the termkolesnik,meaning “wheelwright”, a craftsman who made and repaired wooden wheels and wheeled vehicles such as carts, wagons, carraiges, etc. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K425]

Kolodin
Колодин.This surname derives from the termkoloda,meaning “block” or “log”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K435]

Koloskov
Колосkов.This originates fromkoloska, a diminutive form of the termkolos,meaning “ear” (of corn, wheat, etc). Botanical nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K421]

Kolpakov
Колпаков.This surname originates from the termkolpak,meaning “cap”. Note that this term also referred to a “sleepy fellow”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kalpakoff, Kolpakoff, Kalp. [Soundex Code K412]

Komyagin
Комягин.This surname originates from the dialect termkomyaga,meaning a type of “log boat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made or used such a vessel.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K525]

Konchakov
Кончаков.This patronymic surname is derived from the Turkic men’s nameKonchak.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K522]

Kondakov
Кондаков.This patronymic surname is derived fromKondak, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKondratii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kondakoff, Kondikoff, Kundikoff. [Soundex Code K532]

Kondaurov
Кондауров.This surname originates from the dialect termkondyr’meaning a “high collar”, “cuff” or “peak”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K536]

Kondrashev
Кондрашев.This patronymic surname is derived fromKondrasha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKondratii. The Kondrashovs among the Molokans resided in the Amur region of Russia prior to emigrating to America.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kondrashoff, Condrashoff. [Soundex Code K536]

Konev
Конев.This surname originates from the termkon’meaning “horse”. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromKonya, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingKonon, NikonandKondratii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Konnoff, Konoff. [Soundex Code K510]

Konovalov
Коновалов.This surname originates from the termkonoval,meaning “horse doctor” – someone whose trade involved the care and treatment of horses for disease and injuries, birthing and gelding.lEnglish spelling variants include: Konovaloff, Kanavalov, Kanavaloff, Kanovalov, Conovaloff, Konoloff. [Soundex Code K514]

Konstantinov
Константинов. Thispatronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameKonstantin.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K523]

Kopchenko
Копченко.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromKopka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKapiton.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kopchenka. [Soundex Code K125]

Kopylov
Копылов. This surname originates from the dialect termkopyl‘ meaning “post”, “strut”, “staff”, “distaff” or “column”. Note that this term also refers to an “obstinate”, “proud” or “uncompromising” person.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K141]

Korolev
Королев.This surname originates from the termkorol,meaning “king”. It is unlikely that the bearers of this surname actually descend from kings since there were never any kings in Russia, only tsars. The term “king” was known to Russians mainly from fairytales and playing cards. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who was rich, worldly, happy or imperious, or it may have been given to a child, by superstitious parents, as a sign of good luck.lEnglish spelling variants include: Koraloff. [Soundex Code K641]

Kornev
Корнев.This surname originates from the termkoren‘ meaning “root”. Note that this term also refers to an “obstinate”, “severe” or “avaricious” person. It is also suggested that the name can derive from derived fromKornei, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKornilii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kornoff, Karnoff, Korneff. [Soundex Code K651]

Korobov
Коробов.This surname originates from the termkorob,meaning “box” or “basket”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Korboff, Corboff.[Soundex Code K611]

Korolev
Королев.This surname originates from the termkorol,meaning “king”. It is unlikely that the bearers of this surname actually descend from kings since there were never any kings in Russia, only tsars. The term “king” was known to Russians mainly from fairytales and playing cards. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who was rich, worldly, happy or imperious, or it may have been given to a child, by superstitious parents, as a sign of good luck.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K641]

Korotaev
Коротаев.This surname originates from the dialect termkorotai,meaning “short” or “low”. It is also suggested that the name may indicate someone from the region or tribe of theKaratai,a Tatar people. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K631]

Kosarev
Косарев.This surname originates from the termkosar’meaning “mower” or “reeper”, someone who cut hay with a scyth (kosa).lEnglish spelling variants include: Kasaroff, Kosareff, Kaseroff. [Soundex Code K261]

Kositsin
Косицин.This surname originates from the termkositsa,meaning a small or women’s scyth (kosa). This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used such a tool.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kocitzen, Kusitzin, Kositzin, Kositsen. [Soundex Code K232]

Kosmynin
Космынин.This patronymic surname is derived fromKosmynya, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKosma.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K255]

Kosoy
Косой.This surname originates from the termkosoy,meaning “squint-eyed” and was given to someone who matched this physical description.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K200]

Kostrikin
Кострикин.This surname originates from the dialect termkostrika, referring tothe fibrous strands of flax stem from which linen is made. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose occupation was the processing of flax for the making of linen, or perhaps someone who made or wore linen clothes. Note that this term also refers to “fire” as well as a “growly” or “grumpy” person.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kostriken. [Soundex Code K236]

Kostryukov
Кострюков.This surname originates from the dialect termkostrika, referring tothe fibrous strands of flax stem from which linen is made. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose occupation was the processing of flax for the making of linen, or perhaps someone who made or wore linen clothes. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K236]

Kostyuchenko
Костюченко. This Ukrainian surname is derived fromKostyuk, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKonstantin.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K232]

Kotov
Котов.This surname originates from the termkot,meaning “tom-cat”. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromKotya, a diminutive form of the men’s nameKonstantin.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kotoff. [Soundex Code K310]

Kovalev
Ковалев.This surname originates from the Ukrainian termkoval,meaning “blacksmith”, a craftsman who worked iron with a forge and made iron utensils, horseshoes, etc. The Ukrainian root of this name (compare the Russian term for blacksmith –kuznets) suggests that it is either a Ukrainianized Russian or a Russianized Ukrainian surname. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K141]

Koveshnikov
Ковешников. Thissurname originates from the termkoveshnik,a master craftsman who made intricate metal casket boxes (kovtsy) for storing valuables in Old Russia. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K125]

Kozeev
Козеев.This surname originates from the termkoza,meaning “goat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a goat, perhaps a stubborn or bearded individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kozeyev, Kozeff, Kozaeff, Koziev, Kizaeff. [Soundex Code K210]

Kozlovtsev
Козловцев.This surname originates fromKozlovets, the name given to an inhabitant of any one of several settlements namedKozlovoorKozlovin Old Russia.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K241]

Kozhevnikov
Кожевников.This surname originates from the termkozhevnik,meaning “tanner”, a craftsman who tanned animal skins, hides and leathers. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K215]

Kozlov
Козлов.This surname is derived from the termkozel,meaning “billy-goat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a goat, perhaps a stubborn or bearded individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kozloff, Kozlow, Kasloff. [Soundex Code K241]

Kraichkov
Крайчков.This surname originates from the dialect termkraichik, meaning “border”, “edge”, “rim” or “extremity” of a territory or thing and may refer to someone who lived near such a place. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K622]

Krasnoslovshchikov
Краснословщиков. This surname originates from the dialectverbkrasnoslovit’meaning “to speak”.Krasnoslovshchikwas the term given to a “speaker” or “phrasemonger”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K625]

Kravtsov
Кравцов.This surname originates from the Ukrainian termkravets,meaning “tailor” – someone whose trade was making or repairing clothes. The Ukrainian root of this name (compare the Russian term for tailor –portnoi) suggests that it is either a Ukrainianized Russian or a Russianized Ukrainian surname. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K613]

Krechetov
Кречетов. This surname originates fromkrechet,meaning “gyrfalcon”, the largest species of falcon. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a falcon, perhaps a fierce, swift or keen-sighted individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K623]

Kremensky
Кременский.This surname indicates a family that originated from a village namedKremeno,KremenkiorKremensk, so called from the termkremen’meaning “flint”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K655]

Krugov
Кругов.This surname originates from the termkrug, meaning “circle” or “ring”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K621]

Krutiev
Крутиев.This surname originates from the dialect termkruti, meaning “twist”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an impatient, restless or fast individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K631]

Krylov
Крылов.This surname is derived from the termkrylo,meaning “wing”. This surname was frequently given to Russian Orthodox clergy and had a specific religious connotation of “angel wings”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kriloff, Kreloff. [Soundex Code K641]

Krysin
Крысин.This surname originates from the termkrysa,meaning “rat”. This term may have been given as an uncomplimentary nickname. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K625]

Kryuchkov
Крючков.This surname originates from the termkryuchok, meaning “hook”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a crooked back or hooked nose, or perhaps a petty, captious individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K622]

Kucherov
Кучеров. This surname originates from the termkucher,meaning “driver” (of a horse and carriage). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K261]

Kuchinkin
Кучинкин.This surname originates from the dialect termkachinka,meaning “duck”. It is also suggested that the name indicates a family that originated from theKachinkariver in South Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kushinkin. [Soundex Code K252]

Kudashin
Кудашин.This patronymic surname is derived from the Turkic or Mordvinian men’s nameKudash.It is also suggested that the name can derive fromKudash, a diminutive form of the Russian men’s nameAnkudin. [Soundex Code K325]

Kudelin
Куделин.This surname originates from the termkudel’, meaning “tow”, the course, broken hemp or flax fibre prepared for spinning into yarn. Note that term also referred to an “idler” or idle individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K345]

Kudinov
Кудинов.This patronymic surname is derived fromKudin, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAkindin. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Tatar termkudai, meaning “God” or “Allah”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kudenoff, Kudinoff, Kudenov. [Soundex Code K351]

Kudryashov
Кудряшов.This surname originates from the termkudryash,meaning “curly haired” and was given to someone who matched this physical description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kudrashoff. [Soundex Code K362]

Kuksov
Куксов. This surname originates from the dialect termkuksa, meaning “fist”.This term may have been given as a nickname to a strong or forceful individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K210]

Kulagin
Кулагин.This surname originates from the termkulaga,a type of porridge or gruel popular in Old Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S425]

Kulikov
Куликов.This surname originates from the termkulik, meaning “woodcock” or “snipe”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a snipe, perhaps a loud or noisy individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kulikoff, Kulikow. [Soundex Code K421]

Kunakov
Кунаков.This surname originates from the Tatar termkunak, meaning “friend”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kunakoff, Kunacoff, Kunacov, Cunakov. [Soundex Code K521]

Kunitsyn
Куницын. This surname originates from the termkunitsa, meaning “marten”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a marten, a trapper of martens, or perhaps someone who wore a garment of marten fur. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K532]

Kurbatov
Курбатов.This surname originates from the Turkic termkurbat,meaning “short” or “fat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone of short and stocky build.lEnglish spelling variants include: Koorbatoff, Kurbatoff, Kurbatow. [Soundex Code K613]

Kurnikov
Курников.This surname originates from the termkurnik,meaning “chicken pie”. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kurnikoff, Kurnekoff, Kurnakoff. [Soundex Code K652]

Kurnosov
Курносов.This surname is derived from the termkurnosyi,meaning “snub-nosed”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a someone who matched this description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kurnosoff. [Soundex Code K652]

Kurteev
Куртеев. This surname originates from the dialect termkurte,meaning “short”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termkurti,meaning “short jacket” or “short-tailed sheep dog”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K631]

Kutukov
Кутуков.This surname originates from the Turkic termkutuk,meaning “stump”, “log” or “trunk”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K 321]

Kuz’min
Кузмин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameKuzma.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code K255]

Kuznetsov
Кузнецов.Kuznetsov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It originates from the termkuznets,meaning “blacksmith”, a craftsman who worked iron with a forge and made iron utensils, horseshoes, etc.lEnglish spelling variants include: Kooznetsoff, Kooznitsoff, Kusnetsoff, Kusnetzoff, Kuznetzoff, Kuznitsoff, Kuznitzoff. [Soundex Code K253]

–L –

Ladonin
Ладонин.This patronymic surname is derived fromLadonya, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingEVirilad, Vladimir, Vladislav, PalladiiandElladii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Ladonen.[Soundex Code L525]

Laktionov
Лактионов.This patronymic surname is derived fromLaktion, a diminutive form of the men’s nameGalaktion. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L235]

Lankin
Ланкин.This patronymic surname is derived fromLanka, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingEvlampii, Ruslan, SvetlanandEmelian. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L525]

Lapin
Лапин.This surname is derived from the termlapa,meaning “paw” or “pad”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lapien. [Soundex Code L150]

Laptev
Лаптев.This surname is derived from the termlapot’meaning “bast shoe”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a peasant who wore or made bast shoes. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L131]

Larionov
Ларионов.This patronymic surname is derived fromLarion, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIllarion. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L651]

Lashenko
Лашенко.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromLasha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIlarionand the women’s nameLara.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lashinko. [Soundex Code L252]

Lashin
Лашин.This patronymic surname is derived fromLasha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIlarionand the women’s nameLara.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lashen. [Soundex Code L250]

Lavov
Лавов. This surname originates from the dialect termlava, meaning “bench” or “bridge”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a workman who made such articles. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L110]

Lavrenov
Лавренов.This patronymic surname is derived fromLavrenya, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLavrentii.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L165]

Lazarev
Лазарев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameLazar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lazareff, Lazaroff, Lazeroff, Lazarow. [Soundex Code L261]

Lazev
Лазев.This patronymic surname is derived fromLaza, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLazar. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S210]

Lazutin
Лазутин.This patronymic surname is derived fromLazuta, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLazar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lazootin. [Soundex Code L235]

Lebedev
Лебедев.This surname originates from the termlebed,meaning “swan”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a swan, perhaps a graceful, pure or beautiful individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lebedoff, Lebedeff, Lebedow. [Soundex Code L131]

Lebeshev
Лебешев. This surname originates fromlebesh,which is probably a corruption of the termlobash, meaning “high-browed”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this physical description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L121]

Leksin
Лексин.This patronymic surname is derived fromLeksa, a diminutive form of the men’s namesAlexeiandAlexander.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lexin. [Soundex Code L250]

Ledyaev
Ледяев.This patronymic surname is derived from the Mordvinian men’s nameLedyai.lEnglish spelling variants include: Ledieff, Lediaev, Lediaeff, Lidyoff, Ladiayoff, Lydoff. [Soundex Code L310]

Legenko
Легенко. ThisUkrainian surname originates from the dialect termlega, meaning “thief”, “sluggard” or “idler”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L252]

Lelikov
Леликов.This patronymic surname is derived fromLelik, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAleksander.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lelikoff. [Soundex Code L421]

Leonov
Леонов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameLeon. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L510]

Leontiev
Леонтиев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameLeontii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Leontieff. [Soundex Code L531]

Lepekhin
Лепехин. This surname originates from the termlepekha,meaning “pancake” or “flat cake”. Note that this term also referred to a “slow, portly person”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L125]

Leshtaev
Лештаев. Thissurname originates from the Turkic termleshta, meaning “lentil”. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L231]

Letunov
Летунов. This surname originates from the dialect termletun,meaning “flying” or “one who flies”. Note that this term also referred to an evil fairytale spirit of the air. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L351]

Levashov
Левашов.This patronymic surname is derived fromLevash, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLev. It is also suggested that the name can derive from derived from the termlevsha, meaning “left-handed”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Levashoff. [Soundex Code L121]

Lezin
Лезин. This surname originates from the termleza,meaning a “dexterous”, “nimble” or “brisk” person. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this physical description.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L250]

Lipatov
Липатов.This surname is derived fromLipatii, a diminutive form of the men’s nameIpatii.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L131]

Lisitsyn
Лисицын.This surname originates from the termlisitsa,meaning “fox”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a fox, perhaps a swift or cunning individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lisizin. [Soundex Code L232]

Lobachev
Лобачев. This surname originates from the dialect termlobach,meaning “high-browed”. This term also referred to a “head wind” bringing opposite weather. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L121]

Login
Логин. This surname is derived fromLoga, a diminutive form of the men’s namesEvlogii, LonginandFilologand the women’s nameLongina.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L250]

Logutov
Логутов.This patronymic surname is derived fromLoguta, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLoggin.lEnglish spelling variants include: Logutoff, Logotoff, Lugotoff, Lugutoff, Lugatoff. [Soundex Code L 231]

Lomakin
Ломакин.This surname originates from the termlomaka,meaning “one who breaks” or “forces oneself to persuade”. Note that this term also referred to a “stick”. fox”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L525]

Losev
Лосев.This surname is derived from the termlos’meaning “elk”.This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who resembled an elk in some respect. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L210]

Loskutov
Лоскутов.This surname is derived from the termloskut,meaning “shred”, “scrap” or “rag”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Loscutoff, Loscotoff, Loskutoff, Loskutow, Laskutoff. [Soundex Code L 231]

Lukin
Лукин. Thissurname originates from the termluka,meaning “onion”. Nicknames derived from foodstuffs were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromLuka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLukyan. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L250]

Luk’yanov
Лукьянов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameLukyan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lukianoff, Lukanoff. [Soundex Code L251]

Luponosov
Лупоносов.This surname is derived from the verblupit’(“to peel”) +nos(“nose”), meaning “peel the nose”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termluponoska, a type of wild duck. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L152]

Lysov
Лысов. This surname originates from the termlyso, meaning “bald”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this physical description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code L210]

Lyubashev
Любашев.This patronymic surname is derived fromLyubasha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameLybov.lEnglish spelling variants include: Lubashoff, Lebeshov, Lebeshof, Lebachoff. [Soundex Code L121]

Makarin
Макарин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMakar. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M265]

Makarov
Макаров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMakar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Makaroff, Makareff. [Soundex Code M261]

Makashev
Макашев. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromMakasha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMakar.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M221]

Makhnev
Махнев.This patronymic surname is derived fromMakhno, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingEpimakh, MakarandMatvei. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M251]

Maksimov
Максимов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMaksim. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M251]

Malafei
Малафей.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMalafei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Malofy. [Soundex Code M 410]

Malash
Малаш. This Ukrainian surname is derived fromMalash, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMalakhiiand the women’s nameMalanya. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M420]

Malashikhin
Малашихин. This patronymic surname is derived fromMalashikha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMalakhiiand the women’s nameMalanya. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M422]

Malin
Малин.This surname originates from the termmalyi, meaning “small”. This nickname was often given to the smallest or youngest child in a family. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M450]

Maloletkin
Малолеткин.This surname originates from the dialect termmaloletok, meaning “youth” or “adolescent”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a young man or to a young soldier. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M443]

Malyshev
Малышев. This surname originates frommalysh, meaning “baby”, “tot” or “infant”. This nickname was often given to a child that matched this physical description.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M421]

Mal’tsev
Мальцев.This surname originates frommalets, a diminutive form of the termmalo, meaning “small”. This nickname was often given to the smallest or youngest child in a family.lEnglish spelling variants include: Maltsoff, Maltseff. [Soundex Code M432]

Mamontov
Мамонтов.This surname originates from the termmamont,meaning “mammoth”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a large, awkward or hulking individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M553]

Markov
Марков.Markov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameMark. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M621]

Markushin
Маркушин.This patronymic surname is derived fromMarkusha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMark. [Soundex Code M622]

Mashanov
Машанов. This matronymic surname is derived fromMashanya, a diminutive form of the women’s nameMaria.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M251]

Maslov
Маслов.This surname originates from the termmaslo,meaning “butter” or “oil”. Nicknames derived from foodstuffs were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M241]

Matroshin
Матрошин. This matronymic surname is derived fromMatrosha, a diminutive form of the women’s nameMatrona. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M362]

Matveev
Матвеев. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMatvey.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M311]

Mazaev
Мазаев.This surname originates from the verbmazat’,meaning “to daub”, “to smear” or “to grease”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M210]

Mechnev
Мечнев.This surname originates from the Old Russian termmechnyi, meaning (of or relating to) a “sword”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Matchniff, Matchn. [Soundex Code M251]

Mechnikov
Мечников.This surname originates from the termmechnik,meaning “swordsman” – a soldier armed with a sword (mech). Note that this term also referred to an “executioner”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Mechnikoff, Mechnekoff. [Soundex Code M252]

Mel’nikov
Мельников.This surname originates from the termmel’nik,meaning “miller” – someone who owned or operated a mill for grinding grain into flour or meal.lEnglish spelling variants include: Melnikoff, Malnikoff. [Soundex Code M452]

Merkulov
Меркулов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMerkul.lEnglish spelling variants include: Merkuloff. [Soundex Code M624]

Meshalkin
Мешалкин.This surname originates from the termmeshalka,meaning “poker”, “mixer” or “stirrer”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M242]

Meshcheryakov
Мещеряков.This surname refers to someone from the region or tribe of theMeshcheryak,a Turkic people. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M226]

Metelkin
Метелкин.This surname originates from the termmetelka, meaning “broom” or “whisk”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made or used this tool.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M342]

Metelnikov
Метелников.This surname originates from the termmetel’nik,meaning “sweeper” – someone whose work or occupation involved sweeping dirt, snow etc with a broom. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M345]

Metchikov
Метчиков.This surname originates from the termmetchik, meaning “tap” or “screw-tap”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used this tool.lEnglish spelling variants include: Metchikoff, Metchkoff, Metchekoff, Mitchikoff, Mechekoff, Mechikoff, Michikoff, Metchkow, Mechikow. [Soundex Code M322]

Mikhailov
Михаилов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMikhailo. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M241]

Miloserdov
Милосердов.This surname is derived from the termmiloserdie,meaning “compassion”, “mercy” or “grace”. This surname was frequently given to Russian Orthodox clergy.lEnglish spelling variants include: Miloserdoff, Melosardoff, Meloserdoff. [Soundex Code M426]

Milyaev
Миляев. Thissurname is derived fromMilya, a diminutive form of the men’s names Emel’yan, Meletii, MelitonandMiliiand the women’s names Gemella, Emiliana, Kamilla, Lyudmila, Melaniya, Melitina, MilitsaandMiliya.It is also suggested that the name can derive fromMilyai, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMilii. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M410]

Minakov
Минаков.This patronymic surname is derived fromMinak, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMina. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M521]

Minasuev
Минасyeв.This patronymic surname is derived fromMinas, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMina. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M521]

Mindrin
Миндрин.This surname originates from the dialect termmindaraormyndra,meaning“Swede” and indicates an ancestor who originated from Sweden.lEnglish spelling variants include: Mendrin, Mendren. [Soundex Code M536]

Mironov
Миронов.This patronymic surname is derived the men’s nameMiron.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M651]

Mishin
Мишин.This patronymic surname is derived fromMisha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameMikhailo. [Soundex Code M250]

Mitrenko
Митренко.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromMitra, a diminutive form of the men’s namesDmitryandMitrofan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Metrenko, Mitrenkov, Metrenkov, Mitrenkoff, Metrenkoff, Metrinkoff. [Soundex Code M365]

Moiseev
Моисеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameMoisei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Moisoff, Moiseff, Mosiev, Moiseve, Moiseyev, Moisev, Moiseiff,Moisser. [Soundex Code M210]

Mokhov
Мохов.This surname originates from the termmokh,meaning “moss” or “lichen”. Botanical nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry.lEnglish spelling variants include: Mokhoff, Mokoff, Mohoff. [Soundex Code M210]

Mokshanov
Мокшанов.This surname refers to someone from the region or tribe of theMoksha,a Mordvinian people. It is also suggested that the name indicates a family that originated from theMokshariver in Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Makshanoff, Mackshanov, Mackshanoff, Mackshinoff, Makshanov, Mokshanow, Mokshinoff. [Soundex Code M251]

Molodchenkov
Молодченков, Молодченко. Molodchenkov is a Russianization of the Ukrainian surnameMolodchenko. The-vsuffix ending was added after its formation. It originates from the termmolodka,meaning “pullet”, a young female chicken. Animal nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M432]

Molokanov
Молоканов.This uniquely Molokan surname originates from the name of the sect, frommolokan, meaning “milk-drinker”. It may have been adopted by a member of the Molokan sect or given as a nickname to a non-Molokan Russian who originated from an area dominated by the sect.lEnglish spelling variants include: Molokanoff, Malakanov, Malakanow, Molokan. [Soundex Code M425]

Molostnov
Молостнов.This surname originates from the dialect termmolost’meaning “bad weather” or “wet weather”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a child whose birth was marked by such natural phenomenon. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M423]

Mordovin
Мордовин.This surname originates from the termmordva, and refers to someone from the region or tribe of theMordvinpeople. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M631]

Mordvinov
Мордвинов.This surname refers to someone from the region or tribe of theMordvinpeople.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M631]

Morozov
Морозов.Morozov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It originates from the termmoroz,meaning “frost” or “cold”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose demeanor was gloomy or cold, or perhaps to a child whose birth was marked by such natural phenomenon.lEnglish spelling variants include: Morozoff, Morzov, Morozow. [Soundex Code M621]

Moskalev
Москалев. This surname originates from themoskal’, the nickname for a Russian living in Ukraine during pre-revolutionary times. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M241]

Motylev
Мотылев.This surname is derived from the termmotylka, meaning “butterfly”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M341]

Mudrov
Мудров.This surname originates from the termmudrii,meaning “wise”, “sage”, “intelligent”, “prudent” and “clever”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M361]

Murav’ev
Муравьев.This surname originates from the termmuravei,meaning “ant”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Muraviov, Moroviov. [Soundex Code M611]

Muravlev
Муравлев.This surname originates from the dialect termmuravl’,meaning “ant”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code M611]

–

– N –

Natarov
Натаров.This surname is derived from the dialect verbnatarivat‘ meaning “to leave tracks” or “to lay a path”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Nataroff. [Soundex Code N361]

Naumov
Наумов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameNaum.lEnglish spelling variants include: Namoff. [Soundex Code N510]

Nazarov
Назаров.Nazarov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameNazar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Nazaroff, Nasaroff, Nazarow. [Soundex Code N261]

Nechaev
Нечаев. This surname is derived from the termnechai,meaning “one who is not expected”. This term may have been given by parents to an unexpected child. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N210]

Nemakin
Немакин.This surname originates from the termnemka, meaning a “German” woman. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N525]

Nekhoroshev
Нехорошев.This surname is derived from the termne(“no”) +khoroshii(“good”) meaning “no good”. This term may have been given as a pejorative nickname or by superstitious parents to a child in order to trick fate into refraining from cursing the child out of spite or envy. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N262]

Nemanikhin
Неманихин.This surname is derived from the termne(“not”) +manikha(“tempter” or “deceiver”) meaning “one who does not deceive”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an honest, straightforward, upright, trustworthy person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N552]

Nemtsev
Немцев.This surname originates from the termnemets, meaning “German” and indicates an ancestor who originated from Germany.lEnglish spelling variants include: Nemsoff. [Soundex Code N532]

Nestorenko
Несторенко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the men’s nameNestor. [Soundex Code N236]

Neudakhin
Неудахин. This surname originates from the dialect termneudakha,meaning an “unsuccessful”, “unlucky” or “failure” of a person. This term may have been given as a pejorative nickname or by superstitious parents to a child in order to trick fate into refraining from cursing the child out of spite or envy. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N325]

Neverov
Неверов.This surname originates from the termnever,meaning “non-believer” or “infidel”. This nickname was given to those who refused to accept the Russian Orthodox faith, especially non-Christians and non-Russians such as Turks, Tatars, Mordvins, etc.lEnglish spelling variants include: Neveroff, Nevaroff, Nevarov. [Soundex Code N161]

Nevskov
Невсков (Невский). This name is properlyNevsky.The-ovsuffix ending was added subsequent to its formation.It indicates a family that originated from theNevaRiver in northwestern Russia. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N121]

Nikitin
Никитин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameNikita.[Soundex Code N235]

Nikol’sky
Никольский.This surname indicates a family that originated from a village namedNikol’sk,Nikol’skoyeorNikolka, so called from the men’s nameNikolai. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N242]

Nogov
Ногов.This surname originates from the termnoga,meaning “leg” or “foot”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N210]

Norov
Норов.This surname is derived from the termnora,meaning “burrow”, “hole” or “lair”. no good”. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromNora,a diminutive form of the men’s namesVianorandNikanorand the women’s namesMinodora, NoyabrinaandEleanora. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N610]

Novikov
Новиков.This surname originates from the termnovik, meaning “novice”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an amateur or novice.lEnglish spelling variants include: Novikoff, Novikow, Novekov, Novekoff, Novakoff, Novak. [Soundex Code N121]

Novosel’tsev
Новосельцев.This surname originates from the termnovoselets, meaning “new settler” and refers to a newcomer to a locality. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N 124]

Nozhin
Ножин.This surname originates from the termnozh,meaning “knife”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who used or manufactured knives. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code N250]

Nozhkin
Ножкин.This surname originates from the termnozhki,meaning “small feet” or “small legs”, and was given to someone who matched this physical description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Noshkin. [Soundex Code N225]

– O –

Ochnev
Очнев.This surname is derived from the termochnoi,meaning “eye” or “ocular”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code O251]

Odinokin
Одинокин.This surname originates from the termodinokii,meaning “alone”, “single”, “solitary” or “lonely”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Odnakin. [Soundex Code O352]

Odnov
Однов.This surname originates from the termodno,meaning “one”, “single” or “sole”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an only child.lEnglish spelling variants include: Odnoff, Adnoff, Ednoff. [Soundex Code O351]

Ogol’tsov
Огольцов.This surname originates from the termogolets,meaning “sea roach”. Note that this term also refers to a “romp”, a rough, lively play.lEnglish spelling variants include: Agal’tsov, Ogoltsov, Agalsoff, Agalzoff, Agalzov. [Soundex Code O243]

Okhotnikov
Охотников.This surname originates from the termokhotnik,meaning “hunter”, “fowler” or “sportsman”. Note that this term also refers to a “volunteer” or “amateur”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Akhotnikoff, Akotnekoff, Akhotnekoff. [Soundex Code O235]

Oparin
Опарин.This surname originates from the termopara, meaning a “dough rising on yeast”. Note that this term also referred to a “full” or “bloated” person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code O165]

Orlov
Орлов.This surname originates from the termorel,meaning “eagle”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a eagle, perhaps a swift, rapacious or sharp-sighted individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Orloff, Eagles. [Soundex Code O641]

Osipov
Осипов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameOsip. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code O211]

– P –

Pakhomov
Пахомов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s namePakhom.lEnglish spelling variants include: Pakhomoff, Pahomoff, Pohomoff. [Soundex Code P251]

Panferov
Панферов.This patronymic surname is derived fromPanfer, a diminutive form of the men’s nameParfen. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P516]

Panin
Панин.This patronymic surname is derived fromPanya, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingPavel, PanteleimonandPolien.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P550]

Pankratov
Панкратов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s namePankrat.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P526]

Parshin
Паршин.This patronymic surname is derived fromParsha, a diminutive form of the men’s namesParfen, Paramon, Parmen.It is also suggested the name can derive from the dialect termparsha, meaning “gudgeon” (fish). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P625]

Paskonin
Пасконин.This patronymic surname is derived fromPaskonya, a diminutive form of the men’s namesPaisii, Pasikrat, Passarion.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P255]

Patov
Патов. This surname is derived fromPata, a diminutive form of the men’s namesIpatii, Patrikii, Patrokl, SosipatrandSpartakand the women’s namesKleopatra, PatrikiyaandSosipatra.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P310]

Pavlov
Павлов.Pavlov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is derived fromPavlo, a diminutive form of the men’s namePavel.lEnglish spelling variants include: Pavloff, Paveloff, Pabloff, Pablov. [Soundex Code P141]

Peresedov
Переседов.This surname originates from the Old Russian verbperesedat’meaning “to transplant”, “to replant” or “to graft”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P623]

Petakov
Петаков.This patronymic surname is derived fromPetak, a diminutive form of the men’s namePetr.lEnglish spelling variants include: Petakoff. [Soundex Code P321]

Petrov
Петров.Petrov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s namePetr.lEnglish spelling variants include: Petroff, Petrow. [Soundex Code P361]

Petrushkin
Петрушкин.This patronymic surname is derived fromPetrushka, a diminutive form of the men’s namePetr.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termpetrushka, meaning “parsley”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Petrooshkin, Patruskin. [Soundex Code P362]

Pichugin
Пичугин.This surname originates from the termpichuga, meaning “small bird” or “birdie”. This term may have been given as an affectionate nickname. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P225]

Pigarev
Пигарев.This surname originates from the dialect termpigar’meaning a diving, crested bird. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P261]

Pimenov
Пименов. Thispatronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s namePimen.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P551]

Pivovarov
Пивоваров.This surname originates from the termpivovar,meaning “brewer” – someone whose trade was brewing beer (pivo), ale, etc.lEnglish spelling variants include: Pivovaroff, Pivavaroff, Pivovorof, Povovarof, Pivaroff. [Soundex Code P116]

Plotnikov
Плотников.This surname originates from the termplotnik, meaning “carpenter”, a craftsman whose work was building with wood. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P435]

Pluzhnikov
Плужников.This surname originates from the termpluzhnik,meaning “ploughman”, a peasant who worked with a plough (plug).lEnglish spelling variants include:Plujnikoff, Plujnkoff, Pluschnikow, Pluss. [Soundex Code P425]

Podgorelov
Подгорелов. This surname originates from the termpodgorel, meaning “slightly burned”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who somehow matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P326]

Podgornov
Подгорнов.This surname originates from the termpod(“under”) +gor(“mountain”) and refers to someone who lived below a large hill or mountain.lEnglish spelling variants include: Podgornoff. [Soundex Code P326]

Podkovyrov
Подковыров.This surname originates from the verbpodkovyryat’,meaning “to pick on”, “to tease” or “to undermine”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P321]

Podomarev
Подомарев.This surname is derived frompodomar, meaning “sexton”, an ecclesiastical official who took care of the Russian Orthodox church building, dug graves, rang the bell, etc.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P356]

Podosin
Подосин.This surname originates from the termpod(“under”) +osen(“autumn”) and may refer to a child born in autumn. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P325]

Podosinnikov
Подосинников. Thissurname originates from the dialect termpodosinnik,a type of wild mushroom in Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P325]

Podsakov
Подсаков.This surname originates from the termpodsak,a hoop-net on a long staff used by fishermen in Old Russia to catch fish. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who manufactured or used this tool.lEnglish spelling variants include: Podsakoff, Podsiekoff, Podsekoff. [Soundex Code P322]

Poletov
Полетов. Thissurname originates from the dialect termpoletai,meaning “flying”, “fast” or “quick”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P431]

Polstov
Полстов.This surname originates from the termpolst‘ meaning “felt”, “layer”, “cloth” or “rag”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Polstoff, Spolsdoff. [Soundex Code P423]

Polyanin
Полянин.This matronymic surname is derived fromPolyana, a diminutive form of the women’s namesPolinaandApollinariya.lEnglish spelling variants include: Polanin, Planin. [Soundex Code P455]

Pominov
Поминов. This surname originates from the termpomin,meaning “mention” or “remembrance”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone in remembrance of some person or event.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P551]

Ponomarev
Пономарев.This surname originates from the termponomar,meaning “sexton”, an ecclesiastical official who took care of the Russian Orthodox church building, dug graves, rang the bell, etc. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P556]

Popin
Попин.This surname originates from the termpop, meaning a Russian Orthodox “priest”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Papen, Pappin, Papin, Poppin. [Soundex Code P150]

Popkov
Попков.This surname originates from the dialect termpopko, meaning a Russian Orthodox “priest”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P121]

Popov
Попов.Popov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It originates from the termpop, a Russian Orthodox “priest”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Popoff, Popove, Papove, Papov, Papoff, Popow. [Soundex Code P110]

Poroshin
Порошин. This surnameoriginates from the termporosh,meaning “newly fallen snow” or “grain of powder”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a child whose birth was marked by a snowfall.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P625]

Portnov
Портнов.This surname originates from the termportnoi,meaning “tailor” – someone whose trade was making or repairing clothes.lEnglish spelling variants include: Portnoff, Partnof, Partnoff, Partnov. [Soundex Code P635]

Potapov
Потапов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s namePotap.lEnglish spelling variants include: Potapoff, Potopoff, Potapow, Potopov, Patapov, Patopoff, Patapoff. [Soundex Code P311]

Poteshnichenko
Потешниченко. This Ukrainian surname is derived from the termpoteshnik,meaning “one who amuses”. This term was given as a nickname to someone whose behavior or personality matched this description. [Soundex Code P325]

Potryasov
Потрясов. This surname originates from the verbpotryasat’meaning “to shake”, “to jolt”, “to trouble” or “to disturb”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P362]

Pravdin
Правдин.This surname originates from the termpravda,meaning “truth”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an honest or fair person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P613]

Pribylev
Прибылев.This surname is derived from the termpribyloi,meaning “newcomer”, “arrival”, “visitor” or “new issue”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a newborn child. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P614]

Primakov
Примаков. This surname is derived from the termprimak,meaning the son-in-law accepted into the household of the father-in-law. This term may have been given as a nickname to a person who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P652]

Prokhanov
Проханов. This patronymic surname is derived fromProkhan, a diminutive form of the men’s nameProkhor. [Soundex Code P625]

Prokhorov
Прохоров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameProkhor.lEnglish spelling variants include: Prohoroff, Prohroff, Prohoff, Prohov. [Soundex Code P626]

Prokof’ev
Прокофьев.This patronymic surname is derived fromProkofy, a diminutive form of the men’s nameProkopy. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P621]

Proskudin
Проскудин.This matronymic surname is derived from the women’s nameProskudiya.lEnglish spelling variants include: Proscudin, Prascudin, Proscudine. [Soundex Code P623]

Pudov
Пудов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s namePud. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termpud, a unit of measure used in Old Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Padoff, Pudoff. [Soundex Code P310]

Pushkarev
Пушкарев.This surname originates from the termpushkar,meaning “gunner” – an artillery soldier dealing with heavy and mounted cannons, guns, etc.lEnglish spelling variants include: Pushkarow. [Soundex Code P226]

Puzanov
Пузанов. This surname originates from the dialect termpuzan,meaning “big-bellied” or “fat”. This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P251]

Puzikov
Пузиков.This surname originates from the dialect termpuzik,meaning “big-bellied”. This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code P221]

– R –

Radchenko
Радченко. This Ukrainian surname is derived from fromRadka, a diminutive form of the men’s namesRada or Rodion.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R325]

Radiontsev
Радионцев.This surname originates fromRadionets, a diminutive form of the men’s nameRodion.This term may also refer to an inhabitant of any one of several settlements namedRadionkaorRadionovoin Old Russia.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R353]

Rakhmanov
Рахманов.This is a Russianized Turkic surname derived from the termRakhman,meaning “The Compassionate” – one of the Turkic names of God. Surnames of this type were frequently borne by the descendants of Tatar nobles who transfered their allegiance to the Russian Tsars during the 15th and 16th centuries. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R255]

Rakov
Раков.This surname originates from the termrak,meaning “crab” or “crawfish”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R210]

Rassokhin
Рассохин.This surname originates from the termrassokha, meaning “fork” and refers to someone who lived near the fork of a road or a river.lEnglish spelling variants include: Rassokin, Rassikin. [Soundex Code R225]

Razumov
Разумов. This surname originates from the termrazum, meaning “reason”, “sense” or “intellect”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a clever, sensible, judicious or quick-witted individual.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R251]

Razvalyaev
Разваляев.This surname originates from the verbrazvalyat’,meaning “to pull down”, “to roll” or “to crush”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Razvaliaeff. [Soundex Code R214]

Remezov
Ремезов.This surname originates from the termremez, meaning “tomtit” or “wren”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of an wren, perhaps an industrious, talkative or singing individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Remezoff, Ramzoff. [Soundex Code R521]

Reshetov
Решетов.This surname originates from the termresheto,meaning “sieve” or “screen”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Reshatoff. [Soundex Code R231]

Rodionov
Родионов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameRodion.lEnglish spelling variants include: Radinoff. [Soundex Code R351]

Rogov
Рогов.This surname originates from the termrog,meaning “horn” or “antler”. Note that this term also refers to any musical instrument resembling a horn in shape and sounded by blowing into the smaller end.lEnglish spelling variants include: Rogoff. [Soundex Code R210]

Romanenko
Романенко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the men’s nameRoman.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R555]

Romanov
Романов.Romanov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameRoman.lEnglish spelling variants include: Romanoff. [Soundex Code R551]

Rozanov
Розанов. This surname originates from the termroza, meaning “flower”. This surname was frequently given to Russian Orthodox clergy and seminary students. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R251]

Rudakov
Рудаков. This surname originates from the termrudak, meaning “red” or “ochre-colored”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with reddish hair color or complexion. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R321]

Rudenko
Руденко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the termruda,meaning “ochre-colored”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with reddish hair color.lEnglish spelling variants include: Roudenko. [Soundex Code R352]

Rudometkin
Рудометкин.This surname originates from the termrudometka,meaning a female “blood-letter”. The letting of blood by opening a vein or the application of leeches was a common remedy for all manner of illness and disease in Old Russia. Note that this surname was borne byMaxim Rudometkin,co-founder of the Pryguny branch of Molokans in Tambov province, Russia in the mid 19th century.lEnglish spelling variants include: Rudametkin, Ruddy. [Soundex Code R353]

Rusakov
Русаков.This surname originates fromrusak,an Old Russian term for a fair-haired person. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R221]

Ryashentsev
Ряшенцев.This surname originates fromRyashenets, the name given to an inhabitant of the Russian city ofRyazhska, south of Moscow . Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R253]

Ryazanov
Рязанов.This surname indicates a family that originated fromRiazanprovince, south-east of Moscow. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R251]

Ryl’kov
Рыльков.This surname originates from the termrylo,meaning “face”, “mug”, “muzzle” or “snout”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a prominent face, mouth or nose.lEnglish spelling variants include: Rilkoff, Reilkoff, Rielkoff, Relkov, Rilcof, Relkoff, Rilcoff, Rilkov. [Soundex Code R421]

Ryzhkov
Рыжков.This surname originates from the termryzhko, meaning “red”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with reddish hair color. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code R221]

– S –

Sachkov
Сачков. This surname originates from the termsachok,meaning “net”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a net-maker or perhaps a hunter, fisherman or other user of nets. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S221]

Sadovnikov
Садовников. This surname originates from the termsadovnik,meaning “gardener”, a person engaged in the craft of gardening.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S315]

Sakharov
Сахаров. This surname originates from the termsakhar, meaning “sugar” or “sweet”. This term may have been given as an affectionate nickname. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S261]

Salamatin
Саламатин.This surname originates from the termsalamata,a type of porridge or gruel popular in Old Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S453]

Saltykov
Салтыков.This surname is derived from the Turkic termsaltyk,meaning “sold”. Surnames of this type were typically borne by the descendants of Tatar nobles who transfered their allegiance to the Russian Tsars during the 15th and 16th centuries.lEnglish spelling variants include: Saltikoff, Saltikov, Saltekoff, Soltikoff. [Soundex Code S432]

Samarin
Самарин.This surname indicates a family that originated fromSamaraprovince, east of Moscow. Note that this surname was borne by Molokan writer and organizerIvan Samarin(1857-1948).lEnglish spelling variants include: Samaroff.[Soundex Code S565]

Samodurov
Самодуров.This surname originates from the termsamodur,meaning “petty tyrant”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a stubborn or obstinate individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Samaduroff, Samoduroff, Somaduroff. [Soundex Code S536]

Samokhin
Самохин.This patronymic surname is derived fromSamokha, a diminutive form of the men’s namesSamei, SamonandSamuil. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S525]

Samokhvalov
Самохвалов.This surname is derived from the termsamo(“one’s self”) + the verbkhvalit’(“to praise”) meaning “one who gives praise to one’s self”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a boastful or arrogant individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S521]

Samov
Самов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameSamei. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termsam, meaning “one’s self”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Samoff. [Soundex Code S510]

Samsonov
Самсонов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSamson. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S525]

Sandykov
Сандыков.This surname is derived from the Turkic termsandyk,meaning “chest” or “box”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S532]

Sanov
Санов.This patronymic surname is derived fromSana, a diminutive form of the men’s namesAlexanderandDisan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sanoff. [Soundex Code S510]

Sautin
Саутин.This patronymic surname is derived fromSauta, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSavva. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termsautka, meaning “duck”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sauten, Saootin. [Soundex Code S350]

Savchenko
Савченко.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromSavka, a diminutive form of the men’s namesSavvaandSavely. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S125]

Savel’ev
Савельев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSavely.lEnglish spelling variants include: Saveliff. [Soundex Code S141]

Savinov
Савинов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSavin.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S151]

Sayapin
Саяпин. The etymology of this surname is difficult to determine. It is possible that it is derived from the dialect verbtsyapati, meaning “to drip” or “to trickle”. It is also possible that the root of the name,Sayapaor perhapsSyapa,isa rare diminutive form of some men’s name such asSapron,Savely, etc.lEnglishspelling variants include: Siapin, Syapin, Seapin, Seaking. [Soundex Code S150]

Sedoikin
Седоикин. This surname originates from the termsedoi,meaning “grey” and may refer to someone with grey hair or eyes. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Mordvinian men’s nameSedoi.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S325]

Seleznev
Селезнев.This surname originates from the termselezen‘ meaning “drake” (a male duck). This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a duck.lEnglish spelling variants include: Seleznoff, Siliznoff. [Soundex Code S425]

Seliverstov
Селиверстов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSeliverst.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S416]

Semenikhin
Семенихин. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromSemenikha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSemyon. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S552]

Semenishchev
Семенищев.This patronymic surname is derived fromSemenische, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSemyon. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S552]

Semenkov
Семенков.This patronymic surname is derived fromSemenka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSemyon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S552]

Semenov
Семенов.Semenov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameSemyon.lEnglish spelling variants include: Semenoff, Simenoff, Seminoff, Siminoff, Simonoff. [Soundex Code S551]

Semenovich
Семенович.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the men’s nameSemyon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S551]

Semiletov
Семилетов.This surname originates from the termsemiletnii,meaning “seven years”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a seven year-old child. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S543]

Sergeev
Сергеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSergei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Serguiff, Sergeiff. [Soundex Code S621]

Seryaev
Серяев. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromSerya, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSergei. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S610]

Shabalin
Шабалин.This surname originates from the dialect termshabala,meaning “rags”, “scraps” or “lumps”. Note that this term also referred to a “talker” or “loafer”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shabalen. [Soundex Code S145]

Shaposhnikov
Шапошников. Thissurname originates from the termshaposhnik,meaning “hatter”, a craftsman who manufactured, sold or cleaned hats and headwear. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S125]

Shashkin
Шашкин.This surname originates from the termshashka,meaning “draughts”, an ancient Russian board game. Note that this term also referred to a “Caucasian sabre”. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromShashko, a diminutive form of the men’s nameAlexander.Soundex Code S225]

Shchegolev
Щеголев, Щеглов.This surname originates from the nicknameshchegol,meaning “foppish”, “elegant”, “dandy”, “smart” and “boastful”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose personality matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S224]

Shcherbakov
Щербаков.Shcherbakov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It originates from the termshcherbak, meaning “pock-marked” or “gap-toothed”. Note that this term also referred to a “userer”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Scherbakoff, Shcherbakoff, Scherbekoff, Sherbakoff, Sherbakov, Sherr. [Soundex Code S261; S612]

Shchetinin
Щетинин.This surname is derived from the termshchetinameaning “bristle”. Note that this term also referred to a “bristly” or “abrupt” person.lEnglish spelling variants include: Schetinin, Schetinen, Scheetinin, Shetinin. [Soundex Code S235]

Shchetinkin
Щетинкин.This surname is derived from the termshchetinkameaning “bristle”. Note that this term also referred to a “bristly” or “abrupt” person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S235]

Shchukin
Щукин.This surname originates from the termshchuka,meaning “pike” fish. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a pike.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shukin, Shuken. [Soundex Code S250]

Shepelev
Шепелев. This surname originates from the dialect termshepel,meaning an “iron shovel” used to clear stumps after a fire. The term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made or used this implement. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S141]

Shestenko
Шестенко.This Ukrainian surname originates from the termshest’meaning “six”. This term may have been given as a nickname to the sixth child in a family.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shesenko. [Soundex Code S235]

Shinin
Шинин.This surname originates from the dialect termshina, meaning “trunk”. Note that this term also referred to a “rail”, “iron bar”, “hoop” or “wheel band”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shinen, Shenin. [Soundex Code S550]

Shishlinov
Шишлинов.This name is properlyShishlin. The -ov suffix ending was added after the surname was originally formed. It originates from the verbshishlyat’,meaning “to dig” or “to delay”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S245]

Shishlyannikov
Шишлянников. This surname originates from the dialect termshishlyannik,meaning “digger”, a laborer who digs.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S245]

Shitukhin
Шитухин.This surname originates from the dialect termshitukha,meaning a type of “decked boat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a maker or perhaps sailor of such a boat.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shetukin, Shetuchin, Shetookin. [Soundex Code S325]

Shmakov
Шмаков.This surname originates from the dialect termshmak,meaning “tasty”. Note that this dialect term also referred to a funnel with a trench used by smiths for casting metal.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shmakoff. [Soundex Code S521]

Shmelev
Шмелев. This surname is derived from the termshmel’meaning “bumblebee”.This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a falcon, perhaps a busy, hard-working or buzzing individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S541]

Shnyakin
Шнякин. Thissurname originates from the dialect termshnyaka,meaning “sea boat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made or used such a vessel.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S525]

Shubin
Шубин.This surname originates from the termshuba,meaning “fur coat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who wore a shuba, or perhaps a maker of such garments. Shubin is the most common Molokan surname in America.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shuben, Schubin. [Soundex Code S150]

Shutov
Шутов.This surname originates from the termshut,meaning “clown”, “jester” or “fool”. Note that this term also referred to an evil fairytale spirit.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shutoff, Chutoff. [Soundex Code S310]

Shvetsov
Швецов.This surname originates from the dialect termshvets,meaning “tailor” – someone whose trade was making or repairing clothes. Note that this surname was borne byS. A. Shvetsov,leader of the Molokans in Tambov province, Russia in the late 18th century.lEnglish spelling variants include: Shvetsoff.[Soundex Code S132]

Sidortsev
Сидорцев.This patronymic surname is derived fromSidorets, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSidor. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S363]

Sirotov
Сиротов.This surname is derived from the termsirota,meaning “orphan”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S631]

Skorodumov
Скородумов.This surname originates from the dialect termskorodum,meaning “resolute” or “resourceful”.This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S635]

Skorokhodov
Скороходов. This surname originates from the termskorokhod,meaning “fast walker”, “courier” or “foot-messenger”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S623]

Skrinkov
Скринков.This surname originates from the dialect termskrinka, meaning “chest” or “box”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termskrynnik, meaning “chest-maker”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Scrinkov. [Soundex Code S652]

Slavin
Славин.This patronymic surname is derived fromSlava, a diminutive form of the men’s nameVacheslav.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termslava, meaning “glory”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Slaven, Slevin. [Soundex Code S415]

Slepnikov
Слепников.This surname originates from the termslepnik,meaning “blind person”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who was short-sighted or blind (slepoi).lEnglish spelling variants include: Slepnikoff. [Soundex Code S415]

Slivkov
Сливков.This surname originates from the termslivki, meaning “cream”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termslivka, meaning “plum”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Slivkoff, Slevcove, Slevkoff, Slevkov, Slivkow, Slifkoff. [Soundex Code S412]

Smirnov
Смирнов.Smirnov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It originates from the termsmirnyi,meaning “timid”, “quiet” or “peaceful”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S565]

Smolin
Смолин.This surname derives from the termsmola,meaning “tar”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with black hair, or perhaps an annoying, constant person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S545]

Sobolev
Соболев.This surname originates from the termsobol’ meaning “sable”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who kept sables, a sable-skin dealer, or someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a sable.lEnglish spelling variants include: Soboloff, Soboleff, Sobolew. [Soundex Code S141]

Soborov
Соборов. This surname originates from the termsobor,meaning “cathedral”, “council”, “assembly” or “synod”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S161]

Sofonov
Софонов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSofon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia.[Soundex Code S151]

Sofronov
Софронов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSofron.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S165]

Sokhryakov
Сохряков.This surname is derived from the verbsokhranyat’meaning “to conserve”, “to maintain”, “to keep” or “to observe”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sakrekoff, Sakrekov, Sohriakoff, Sohrakoff, Soriakoff, Sochrekow. [Soundex Code S262]

Sokolov
Соколов.This surname originates from the termsokol,meaning “falcon”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a falcon, perhaps a fierce, swift or keen-sighted individual. Note that this surname was borne byLukian Sokolov,co-founder of the Pryguny branch of Molokans in Tambov province, Russia in the mid 19th century.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sokoloff. [Soundex Code S241]

Solomakhin
Соломахин.This surname originates from the termsolomakha,a type of porridge or gruel popular in Old Russia. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S452]

Solomentsev
Соломенцев. This surname originates from the dialect termsolomenets, meaning a “hay shed” and may refer to someone who lived at such a place. It may also refer to an inhabitant of any one of several places namedSolomenny, SolomennoyeorSolominoin Old Russia. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S455]

Solonitsyn
Солоницын. This surname originates from the dialect termsolonitsa, meaning “saltcellar”. It is also suggested that the name indicates a family that originated from the region of the Solonitsa River in the Kostroma or Novogorod areas.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S453]

Solopov
Солопов.This surname originates from the dialect termsolopyi, meaning “gaper” or “starer”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect verbsolopit’meaning “to look stupid”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S411]

Solov’ev
Соловьев.This surname originates from the termsolovei, meaning “nightingale”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose singing voice was beautiful like that of a nightingale.lEnglish spelling variants include: Soloveoff, Soloveow, Soloveyov, Solovov, Solovioff, Solovieff, Solovev, Soloviov, Solovyov, Solovyev. [Soundex Code S411]

Sopin
Сопин.This surname originates from the verbsopiit’meaning to “snore”, “snort” or “wheeze”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who breathed violently and noisily while awake or asleep. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S110]

Sopuntsov
Сопунцов.This surname is derived from the verbsopiit’meaning to “snuffle”.Sopunetswas the nickname given to a sniffler, someone who breathed noisily due to a cold or congestion. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S153]

Sorokin
Сорокин.This surname originates from the termsoroka,meaning “magpie”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a magpie, perhaps a cunning, noisy or pilfering individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sarokin. [Soundex Code S625]

Sosin
Сосин. This patronymic surname is derived fromSosa, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSosipatr. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termsosya,meaning a “thumb-sucking child”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S250]

Spiridonov
Спиридонов. This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSpiridon.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S163]

Starostin
Старостин.This surname originates from the termstarosta,meaning “village elder”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S362]

Stepanov
Степанов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameStepan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Stepanoff. [Soundex Code S315]

Stoyalov
Стоялов.This surname originates from the verbstoyat’,meaning “to stay”, “to lodge” or “to stand”.Stoyaletswas the term given to a tenant or lodger. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S341]

Strakhov
Страхов.This surname originates from the termstrakh,meaning “fear”, “dread” or “terror”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a frightful or timid individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S362]

Strekalov
Стрекалов. This surname originates fromstrekalo,the dialect term used to describe a person who “rustles”, “cracks”, “skips” or who is “prompt to jump” or “prompt to run”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S362]

Strel’nikov
Стрельников.This surname originates from the termstrelnik,meaning “archer”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S364]

Stupenkin
Ступенкин. This surname originates from the dialect termstupen’meaning “step”.Stupenkawas the term for a “ladder”, “porch”, “cross-beam” or “board” onto which one steps. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S315]

Stupin
Ступин.This surname originates from the dialect termstupa, meaning “fat” or “slow”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Stoopin. [Soundex Code S315]

Suchkin
Сучкин.This surname originates from the termsuchok, meaning a small “branch”, “twig”, “bough” or “knot”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S221]

Suchkov
Сучков.This surname originates from the termsuchok, meaning a small “branch”, “twig”, “bough” or “knot”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Suchkoff, Soochkoff. [Soundex Code S221]

Sudakov
Судаков.This surname is derived from the termsudak,meaning “zander” fish. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S321]

Sukhov
Сухов.This surname originates from the termsukhoi, meaning “dry”, “thin”, “spare” or “lean”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose demeanor was cold or unfriendly, or perhaps a thin or sickly individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sukhoff, Suhoff, Suhow, Suhovy. [Soundex Code S210]

Sukovitsin
Суковицин.This surname originates from the dialect termsukovitsa, meaning “birch sap”. Birch sap was used as a medicine and tonic in Old Russia.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sukovitzen. [Soundex Code S213]

Sulimov
Сулимов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Turkic men’s nameSulim.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sulimoff. [Soundex Code S451]

Sundukov
Сундуков.This surname originates from the termsunduk, meaning “chest”, “box” or “trunk”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S532]

Suprunuk
Супрунук.This Ukrainian surname is derived fromSuprun, a diminutive form of the men’s nameSofron. [Soundex Code S165]

Surkov
Сурков.This surname derives from the termsurok,meaning “marmot” or “woodchuck”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a marmot, perhaps a sleepy, dense, solitary, small, clumsy or idle individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S621]

Sushilin
Сушилин.This surname originates from the dialect termsushilo,meaning “hard” or “dry”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S245]

Susoev
Сусоев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameSusoi.lEnglish spelling variants include: Susoyeff, Sisoev, Sissoev, Sissov, Sissoyev, Susew, Susoff, Suesov, Suesoff, Susoev, Susov, Sussoev, Susoeff, Sosoyoff, Sysoyev, Sessoyeff, Sysoev. [Soundex Code S210]

Suvorov
Суворов.This surname originates from the termsuvora,meaning “grim”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose demeanor was grim, harsh or stern. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S161]

Suzdal’tsev
Суздальцев.This surname is derived fromSuzdalets, the term for an inhabitant of the town ofSuzdal, north-east of Moscow. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S234]

Svikhnushin
Свихнушин. This surname originates from the dialect verbsvikhnut’meaning “to shift”, “to break” or to “dislocate”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone with a dislocated joint or to someone dislocated in the broader physical, cultural, spiritual or emotional sense. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S125]

Sychov
Сычов. This surname originates from the termsych,meaning “horned owl”. Note that this term also referred to a gloomy or unsociable person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S210]

Syrkov
Сырков.This surname originates from the termsyrka,meaning “grape vinegar”. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S621]

Syrovatkin
Сыроваткин. Thissurname originates from the termsyrovatka,meaning “whey”, the watery part of milk that is separated from the curd in making cheese. Nicknames derived from foodstuffs were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code S613]

– T –

Talanov
Таланов. This surname originates from the dialect termtalana,meaning “success” or “luck”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a child, by superstitious parents, as a sign of good luck. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T451]

Talochkin
Талочкин. This surname is derived fromTalochka, a diminutive form of the men’s namesVitalii, VitalikandNataliiand the women’s namesVitalika, Vitalina, Vitaliya, NatalihaandTaisiya.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T422]

Tananaev
Тананаев. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromTananai, a diminutive form of the men’s namesAtanasorAfanasy.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T 551]

Taranov
Таранов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameTaran.lEnglish spelling variants include: Taranoff, Terinoff, Taranow, Tarnoff. [Soundex Code T651]

Tarusov
Тарусов.This surname indicates a family that originated from the Old Russian town ofTarus.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T 621]

Telegin
Телегин.This surname originates from the termtelega,meaning “cart”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who drove or manufactured carts.lEnglish spelling variants include: Telegen, Tellegen, Tellegin, Telegan, Telligin. [Soundex Code T425]

Tepikin
Тепикин.This surname may originate from the Turkic termtepik,meaning “ball”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from a corruption of the termtupik,meaning “blockhead” or “dolt”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T125]

Terekhov
Терехов.This patronymic surname is derived fromTerekh, a diminutive form of the men’s nameTerentii.lEnglish spelling variants include: Terekoff, Terehoff, Terichow, Terrichoff, Terikow, Terikhoff, Terikoff. [Soundex Code T621]

Tershukov
Тершуков.This patronymic surname is derived fromTereshuk, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingTerentii, Tertii, NesterandProterii. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T622]

Tikhonov
Тихонов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameTikhon.lEnglish spelling variants include: Teckenoff, Tickenoff, Tikonoff, Tikunoff, Tikunov, Tehanoff, Tekanoff, Tekunoff, Tickunoff, Tikhonoff, Tekanow, Tickonoff, Tehanow, Tigunoff, Tihanoff. [Soundex Code T251]

Tikunov
Тикунов. This surname originates from the Hebrew termtikun,a book used by Jews to prepare for reading or writing a Torah scroll.The term may have been given as a nickname to a Russian Jew who used such a book. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T251]

Timofeev
Тимофеев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameTimofei.lEnglish spelling variants include: Timofeeff. [Soundex Code T511]

Titkov
Титков.This patronymic surname is derived fromTitko, a diminutive form of the Old Russian men’s nameTit. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T321]

Titov
Титов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameTit. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T310]

Tobakarev
Табакарев. This surname originates from the dialect termtabakar,meaning “tobacconist” or “tobacco-seller”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T126]

Tolmachev
Толмачев.This surname originates from the termtolmach,meaning “interpreter”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Tolmachoff, Tolmacheff, Talmachoff. [Soundex Code T452]

Tolmasov
Толмасов.This surname originates from the Tatar men’s nameTolmas.lEnglish spelling variants include: Tolmasoff, Tolmosoff, Tolmsoff, Tolmas, Tholmasoff, Thomas. [Soundex Code T452]

Tolopeev
Толопеев. This surname originates from the termtulup,meaning “sheepskin coat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who made or perhaps wore this peasant garment. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T411]

Tolstoy
Толстой.This surname originates from the termtolstoi,meaning “fat”. This term was given as a nickname to a someone who matched this description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Tolstoi, Tolstoj. [Soundex Code T423]

Tomilin
Томилин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameTomila.lEnglish spelling variants include: Tamelin, Tomlin, Tamalin, Tomelin. [Soundex Code T545]

Treglazov
Треглазов.This surname originates from the termtre(“three”) +glaz(“eye”), meaning “three-eyed”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a foresighted or keen-sighted individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Treglazoff, Treglasoff, Triglass. [Soundex Code T624]

Tregubov
Трегубов.This surname originates from the termtre(“three”) +gub(“lip”), meaning “three-lipped”. This term was given as a nickname to a someone with a cleft, deformed or hair lip.lEnglish spelling variants include: Treguboff. [Soundex Code T621]

Tretyakov
Третяков.This surname originates from the termtretyak, meaning “third”. This term may have been given as a nickname to the third child in a family. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T632]

Trunilin
Трунилин.This surname originates from the verbtrunit’,meaning “to mock” or “to ridicule”.Trunilawas the term given to a “mocker” or “scoffer”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T654]

Trushchalev
Трущалев.This surname originates from the verbtreshchat’,meaning “to crack”, “to crackle” or “to rattle”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T622]

Tsaplev
Цаплев.This surname originates from the dialect termtsaplya, meaning “seagull” or “heron”. Note that this term also referred to a “captious” or “petty” person. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T214]

Tsirkin
Циркин.This surname is derived from the dialect verbtsirkat’meaning “to chirp”. In Russia, birds and insects make a sound perceived astsirk-tsirk. This term may have been given as a nickname to a noisy or whining child. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T262]

Tulupov
Тулупов.This surname originates from the termtulup,meaning “sheepskin coat”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who wore a tulup, or perhaps a maker of such garments. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T411]

Tumanov
Туманов.This surname originates from the termtuman,meaning “fog”, “mist” or “haze”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone whose demeanor was gloomy or melancholy, or perhaps to a child whose birth was marked by such natural phenomenon.lEnglish spelling variants include: Tumanoff. [Soundex Code T551]

Tyrnov
Тырнов. This surname originates from the dialect termtyrn,meaning “sloe”, the berry fruit of the blackthorn.Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code T651]

–

– U –

Udaltsev
Удалцев.This surname originates from the termudalets,meaning a “bold” or “daring” man. This term may have been given as a nickname to a rash or venturesome individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U343]

Uklein
Уклеин.This surname is derived from the termukleya,meaning “bleak” fish. Note that this surname was borne bySemeon Uklein,co-founder of the Molokan movement in Tambov province, Russia in the late 18th century. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U245]

Uryupin
Урюпин. This surname originates from the dialect termuryupa, meaning “the nurse”, “the crybaby” or “sloven”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U615]

Usachev
Усачев.This surname originates from the termusach,meaning “bushy moustache”. This term would have been given as a nickname to a man with a broad, bushy moustache. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U221]

Ushakov
Ушаков. Thissurname originates from the Turkic termushak,meaning “undersized”, “petty mind” or “slanderer”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U221]

Ustrashkin
Устрашкин.This surname originates from the verbustrashat’meaning “to intimidate”, “to daunt” or “to frighten”. The termustrashkamay have ben given as a nickname to an intimidating, frightening individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U236]

Uvarov
Уваров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameUvar. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code U161]

V –

Vakulin
Вакулин.This patronymic surname originates from the men’s nameVakul.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V245]

Valov
Валов.This surname originates fromValya, a diminutive form of several men’s names includingValent, ValerianandValerii. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termval, meaning “shaft” or “roller”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Valoff, Voloff, Veloff. [Soundex Code V410]

Varkov
Варков.This surname originates from the termvarka,meaning “boiling”, “cooking” or “brewing”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Varkoff, Warkoff, Warcoff. [Soundex Code V621]

Vashnikov
Вашников.This patronymic surname is derived fromVashnik, a diminutive form of the men’s nameVasily.lEnglish spelling variants include: Vashnikoff. [Soundex Code V 252]

Vasil’ev
Васильев.Vasil’ev is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It originates from the men’s nameVasily.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V241]

Vas’kov
Васьков. This patronymic surname is derived fromVas’ka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameVasily.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V210]

Vavilov
Вавилов. Thispatronymic surname is derived from the Old Russian men’s nameVavilo. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V141]

Vechkanov
Вечканов.This patronymic surname is derived from the Mordvinian men’s nameVechkan.lEnglish spelling variants include: Vechkanoff, Vechkonoff, Vichkanoff, Vichkonoff, Vickonoff. [Soundex Code V225]

Vedenov
Веденов. This patronymic surname is derived fromVedenya, a diminutive form of the men’s nameVenedikt.lEnglish spelling variants include: Vedenoff, Vedeniev, Vidinoff, Videnoff, Vidanov. [Soundex Code V351]

Velikanov
Великанов.This surname originates from the termvelikan,meaning “giant”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a large, awkward or hulking individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V425]

Venediktov
Венедиктов.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameVenedikt. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V532]

Vetrov
Ветров. This surname is derived from the termveter, meaning “windy”. Note that this term also referred to a “moody” personality. The term may have been given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V361]

Vinogradov
Виноградов.This surname is derived from the termvinograd, meaning (grape) “vine”. Botanical nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry.lEnglish spelling variants include: Vinogradoff. [Soundex Code V526]

Vitsin
Вицин.This surname is derived from the termvitsa, meaning “rod” or “switch”.This term may have been given as a nickname to a tall, thin individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Vitzin, Vitzen. [Soundex Code V325]

Voblikov
Вобликов.This surname originates from the Old Russian termvobly,meaning “round” or “fat”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termvobla, meaning “sea roach”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V142]

Volkov
Волков.This surname originates from the termvolk,meaning “wolf”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a wolf, perhaps a lone, solitary individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Volkoff, Valkoff, Valkov, Wolkoff, Walkoff. [Soundex Code V421]

Vologin
Вологин.This surname indicates a family that originated from the town ofVologain North Russia. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the dialect termvologa, meaning a cream-based “broth” or “sauce”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V425]

Voloshin
Волошин.This patronymic surname is derived fromVolosha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameVladimir.It is also suggested that the name can derive from the Old Russian termvolosh, meaning “Romanian” or “Walachian”. [Soundex Code V425]

Vorob’ev
Воробьев.This surname originates from the termvorob, meaning “sparrow”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a sparrow, perhaps a swift, cheerful or singing individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Vorobieff, Varabioff, Worobioff, Varabieff, Verabioff, Vorobow, Vorobeyov, Vorobiov, Vorobyev, Vorobiev. [Soundex Code V611]

Voronin
Воронин.This surname originates from the termvoron(“raven”) orvorona(“crow”). This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a raven or crow, perhaps a harsh-voiced or black-haired individual.lEnglish spelling variants include: Voronen, Varonan, Varonin, Veronin, Woronin, Johnson. [Soundex Code V655]

Voronkov
Воронков. This surname originates fromvoronok,a diminutive form of the termvoron(“raven”) orvorona(“crow”). This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a raven or crow, perhaps a harsh-voiced or black-haired individual.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia.[Soundex Code V652]

Vyatkin
Вяткин. This surname indicates an ancestor who originated fromVyatkaprovince, east of Moscow. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termvyatka, meaning “band” or “crowd” or “wedge”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia.[Soundex Code V325]

– Y –

Yablokov
Яблоков. This surname originates from the termyabloko,meaning “apple”. Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry and may refer to someone who grew, sold or perhaps ate apples.lEnglish spelling variants include: Yablokoff. [Soundex Code Y142]

Yakovenko
Яковенко.This Ukrainian surname is derived from the men’s nameYakov. [Soundex Code Y215]

Yakovlev
Яковлев.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameYakov.lEnglish spelling variants include: Yakovleff.[Soundex Code Y214]

Yakushev
Якушев. Thispatronymic surname is derived fromYakusha, a diminutive form of the men’s nameYakov.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Y221]

Yudin
Юдин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameYuda. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Y350]

Yunkin
Юнкин.This matronymic surname is derived fromYunka, a diminutive form of the women’s namesYuniaandYunona.lEnglish spelling variants include: Unkin, Unken. [Soundex Code Y525]

Yurin
Юрин.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameYuri.lEnglish spelling variants include: Urin, Uraine, Urain, Urenn, Urane, Uren, Wren, D’Uraine. [Soundex Code Y650]

Yurkov
Юрков.This patronymic surname is derived fromYurka, a diminutive form of the men’s nameYuri. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termyurkii, meaning “quick”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Urkoff, Urkov. [Soundex Code Y621]

Yurov
Юров.This patronymic surname is derived from the men’s nameYuri.lEnglish spelling variants include: Uroff. [Soundex Code Y610]

Yurtaev
Юртаев.This surname originates from the Tatar termyurta, meaning a “tent” or “hut” used by Tatar and Mongol nomads in Old Russia. Note that this term also referred to a Cossack village. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromYurtava,the Mordvin nameof the fairytale spirit said to inhabit the hearth.lEnglish spelling variants include: Yourtaev, Yurtaeff, Urtaeff, Yurtioff, Urtioff. [Soundex Code Y631]

– Z –

Zabroskov
Забросков. Thisname is properlyZabrosky.The-ovsuffix ending was added subsequent to its formation.This surname originates from the termza(“beyond”) +bros(“to shed” or “to dispose of”) and refers to someone who lived “beyond the garbage site”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z162]

Zadachin
Задачин.This surname originates from the Old Russian termzadacha, meaning “good luck”. Note that this term also referred to a conceited person.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zadachen. [Soundex Code Z325]

Zadorkin
Задоркин.This surname originates from the dialect termzaderikha,meaning “querrelsome”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an individual who matched this description. [Soundex Code Z362]

Zaitsev
Зайцев.This surname originates from the termzaits, meaning “hare”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who resembled a hare in some respect, perhaps a swift, agile or timid individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z321]

Zakharov
Захаров.Zakharov is a very common and widely distributed surname in Russia. It is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameZakhar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zaharoff. [Soundex Code Z261]

Zakurdaev
Закурдаев. Thissurname originates from the dialect termzakurdai,meaning “dandy” or “fop”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an individual who matched this description. [Soundex Code Z263]

Zaradonkin
Зарадонкин.This surname originates from the termza(“beyond”) +Radonka(a river in South Russia) and refers to someone who lived across the River Radonka.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zarodonkin. [Soundex Code Z635]

Zarubin
Зарубин.This surname originates from the termzaruba,meaning “mark”, “scar” or “notch”. This term may have been given as a nickname to an individual with some distinguishing mark or scar.lEnglish spelling variants include: Sarubin, Zaroobin. [Soundex Code Z615]

Zavarikhin
Заварихин.This surname originates from the dialect termzavarikha, meaning “gruel” or “porridge”. Note that this term also referred to a “gossip”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z162]

Zhabin
Жабин.This surname originates from the termzhaba,meaning “toad”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Jabin. [Soundex Code Z150]

Zharkikh
Жарких.This surname originates from the termzharkii,meaning “hot”, “burning” or “violent”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zharkih, Jarkeh, Jarkeih. [Soundex Code Z620]

Zhdanov
Жданов.This surname is derived from the termzhdanii,meaning “long awaited”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a long awaited child. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z351]

Zheltkov
Желтков.This surname is derived from the termzheltok,meaning “the yolk” (of an egg). Food nicknames such as this were popular among the agrarian Russian peasantry. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z432]

Zheltov
Желтов.This surname is derived from the termzhelto,meaning “yellow” or “yellowish”. Note that this surname was borne by Molokan writer and martyrFeodor Zheltov(1861-1938). Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z431]

Zherebtsov
Жеребцов.This surname originates from the termzherebets, meaning “stallion” or “wren”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of an stallion.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z613]

Zhidkov
Жидков.This surname originates from the termzhidkii, meaning “watery”, “liquid or “fluid”. Note that this term also meant “thin” or “sparse”. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z321]

Zhmaev
Жмаев.This surname is derived from the Old Russian verbzhimat’meaning “to press”, “to squeeze” or “to pinch”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termzmei,meaning “snake”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Jmaev. [Soundex Code Z510]

Zholnin
Жолнин.This surname originates from the termzhelna, meaning “woodpecker”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a woodpecker, perhaps a persistent or tiresome individual. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z455]

Zhukov
Жуков.This surname originates from the termzhuk,meaning “beetle”. Note that this term also referred to a dark-haired person.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zukoff. [Soundex Code Z210]

Zhulin
Жулин.This surname is derived from the verbzhulit‘ meaning “to swindle” or “to cheat”. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the verbzhulit’sya, meaning “to press close”, “to shiver” or “to screw up the face”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zhoolin, Joolin, Julin, Gulin, Goolin. [Soundex Code Z450]

Zhuravlev
Журавлев.This surname originates from the termzhuravl’meaning “crane”. This term may have been given as a nickname to someone who possessed some quality characteristic of a crane, perhaps a tall, thin man with long, spindly legs. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z614; J641]

Zhuravtsev
Журавцев.This surname originates fromZhuravets, the name given to an inhabitant of any one of several settlements namedZhuravo, ZhuravkaorZhuravinin Old Russia. It is also suggested that the name can derive from the termzhuravets, meaning “lever”.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z613]

Zolnikov
Золников.This surname originates from the termzolnik,meaning “ashman”, someone who collected and sold ashes (zola). Note that this term also referred to the part of a Russian oven where ashes accumulated.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zolnikoff, Zolnekoff. [Soundex Code Z452]

Zolotov
Золотов.This surname originates from the termzoloto,meaning “gold”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a wealthy individual, or perhaps someone with golden hair color.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zolotoff. [Soundex Code Z431]

Zor’kin
Зорькин.This surname originates from the termzorkii, meaning “sharp-sighted” or “keen of sight”. It is also suggested that the name can derive fromzor’ka, a diminutive form of the termzarya, meaning “dawn”. [Soundex Code Z625]

Zotikov
Зотиков.This surname is patronymic in origin and is derived from the men’s nameZotik.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z321]

Zotov
Зотов. This patronymic surname originates from the men’s nameZot.Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code V310]

Zubachev
Зубачев.This surname originates fromzubach, the term for someone with big teeth (zubyi). This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zubachoff. [Soundex Code Z121]

Zubarov
Зубаров.This surname originates from the dialect termzubar’,meaning “big teeth” (zubyi). This term may have been given as a nickname to an individual who matched this description. [Soundex Code Z161]

Zyuzin
Зюзин.This surname is derived from the termzyuzameaning “crybaby”, “slovenly” or “drunkard”. This term was given as a nickname to someone who matched this description. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z250]

Zvansky
Званский.This surname indicates a family that originated from a village namedZvana,ZvankaorZvanets, so called from the termzvanie, meaning “calling” or “summons”.lEnglish spelling variants include: Zvanski, Zvanskiy, Zvanskii, Zvanskij. [Soundex Code Z152]

Zvyagin
Звягин.This surname derives from the termzvyaga,meaning “shouter”, “whiner” or “grumbler”. This term may have been given as a nickname to a child who matched this discription. Among the Molokans, this surname occurred only in Russia. [Soundex Code Z125]

Notes

From 1904 to 1912, over 3,500 Molokans emigrated from the Caucasus region of Russia to America, settling in California, Oregon, Arizona and Mexico. At the time there were an estimated 1,200,000 Molokans in Russia. Less than 3% of all Molokans joined the migration. (For more demographics, seeMolokane.org.) Therefor, as the primary focus of this glossary is Molokan surnames in America, it comprises only a fraction of all historical Molokan surnames.

Note that approximately two hundred Molokan immigrants – over five per-cent of all Molokans who joined the migration – arrived through Canadian ports between 1904 and 1907 en route to the United States. For an index of known Canadian ship passenger records and border crossing records containing Molokan immigrants seeMolokan Immigration Via Canada.

When the Molokans arrived in America, there was no standard system for transliterating Russian (Cyrillic) spellings into the English (Latin) alphabet. Furthermore, many Molokan immigrants were illiterate and had no notion that any one spelling of their surname was more correct than another. As a consequence, the English spelling of Molokan surnames became largely a matter of choice, and many spelling variants arose for each name. For example, the original RussianBobyshevbecameBobishoff, Babashoff, Babeshoff, Babishoff, Babshaw, BabshoffandBabshowin America. With this in mind, I have used the standard Russian spelling of each surname, based on theU.S. Library of Congress System, followed by English spelling variants.

As part of the assimilation process, some Molokans deliberately changed their Russian surnames to English-sounding ones. Often the old surname was not entirely abandoned, but was reduced to one or two syllables:Bolder(Boldyrev),Cherney(Chernikov),Fettis(Fetisov),Hall(Golovachev),Kalp(Kolpakov),Kissel(Kiselev),Klubnik(Klubnikin),Matchn(Mechnev),Novak(Novikov),Ruddy(Rudometkin),Sherr(Shcherbakov),Suhovy(Sukhov),Tolmas(Tolmasov). Sometimes a genuine English surname was adopted which began with the same syllable or sounds as the old surname:D’Uraine(Yurin),Ghosoph(Gusev),Liege(Ledyaev),Preston(Prokhorov),Proffitt(Prokhorov),Seaking(Sayapin),Thomas(Tolmasov). Occasionally the new surname was based on the English language equivalent of the old surname:Andrews(Andreev),Eagles(Orlov). Often the new surname had nothing to do with the old surname:Emerald(Karyakin),Johnson(Voronin),Nichols(Stupin),Riley(Golitsin),Saber(Tikhonov). Finally, entirely new surnames were added through intermarraige:Goudy, Janke.

The Soundex is a coded last name (surname) index based on the way a name sounds rather than the way it is spelled. Surnames that sound the same, but are spelled differently, like Konovalov, Konovaloff and Conovaloff, have the same code and are filed together. The Soundex coding system was developed so that you can find a surname even though it may have been recorded under various spellings. Knowing a surname’s Soundex code is useful and important, since many public archives, libraries and other institutions use Soundex-based finding aids and research tools.

Bibliography

• Benson, M.,Dictionary of Russian Personal Names(Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1964).
• Dal, V.I.,Tolkovyi Slovar Zhivogo Velikorusskago Iazyka(Moscow, 1999).
• Fedosiuk, Y.A.,Russkie Familii: Populiarnii Etomologicheskii Slovar(Moscow, 1996).
• Khalikov, A. Kh.,500 Ruski Familii c Bulgaro-Tatarski Prouzkhog(Sofia, 1993).
• Nikonov, V.A.,Slovar Russkikh Familii(Moscow: 1993).
• Petrovskii, N.A.,Slovar Russkikh Lichnikh Imen(Moscow, 1968).
• Unbegaun, B.O.,Russian Surnames(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972).

This is a work-in-progress. If you are aware of other Molokan surnames or surname spellings in America, please contact the authorJonathan J. Kalmakoff.